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On Sun, 05 Jan 97 17:08:50 -05, Don JudyReturn to Topwrote: >I suggest that the miniplug will be there, tomorrow, or the day after, and >maybe even beyond that; there are those who think this is such a compelling >issue that it has to be done now, this instant, immediamente. The question is >why they would think so. Of course, some monumental pyramidal, mathematical, >asstronomical, asstrophysical, asstrological truth could be waiting down the >hall, but more likely it will be a disappointment that will be dismissed with >the usual "So, what, that doesn't prove anything, we still know the importance >of: list of inanities snipped, but widely available at non peer reviewed checkout stand journals.... don, after reading your above post, i went back and reread a number of your others to assure myself that you are not as stupid as this post would indicate...do you seriously mean to indicate that anyone curious as to what, if anything, might lay on the other side of the stone must be some sort of nut case??... frank
Well, this lurker tried to follow this him-dinger of a thread- became really confused with the proto-Dravidian/Elam based on liguistics - can anyone recommend a good primer on the history of India/Pakistan et al? NicoletteReturn to Top
In article <32CEDB49.31DE@erols.com>, Rodney SmallReturn to Topwrites: >Subject: Re: operation upuaut Rodney, Bravo! You write: > In any event, I >hope that you might agree that the handling of Gantenbrink's >discovery by the German Archaeological Institute bordered on the >bizarre. But what is infinitely worse is that almost four years >after Gantenbrink's discovery, Egyptian authorities still have >not permitted further exploration to determine what -- if >anything -- is behind the "door". Perhaps this is not the result >of "The International Archaeological Conspiracy" but rather >bureaucratic incompetence, but it is shameful nonetheless. Rodney, Benjamin Disraeli once wrote, "there are no permanent alliances, only permanent interests". What are the "vested interests" here? The discovery has been made. But who is going to cash in the chips? That is the question and the reason for the delay. - Andis Kaulins (J.D. Stanford University, 1971)
Yuri Kuchinsky (yuku@io.org) wrote: : Carolyn S Hoff (c1hoff@mt1047.mcdo.mt.blm.gov) wrote: : : : why is it that this sculpture is assumed to be zea maize? it could be : any number of grasses represented in an "oversized" fashion to compensate : for limitations imposed by carving on stone. : : Carrie, : : You misunderstand. In fact there are _hundreds_ of such carvings out : there, in those temples. So the possibility of misidentification is : significantly diminished... : : Best, : : Yuri. There are significant numbers of carvings of pineapples in medieval churches too. And pineapples were not known in Europe until modern times. Of course, they *could* be carvings of something else, but to me they look like pineapples and there are so many of them so they must be pineapples. ------ Paul J. Gans [gans@scholar.chem.nyu.edu]Return to Top
fmurray@pobox wrote: [deletions] : is it your position that the egyptians have no curiosity about what : may or may not lay beyond the stone block??...that professional : egyptologists are diplomatically and quietly pushing for further : investigations??...that the egyptian government, which is currently : spending vast sums on american tv ads to increase the tourism that is : so vital to their economy, would not welcome a worldwide live : broadcast of a peek beyond the stone??... : : i suggest instead, that the worldwide community of egyptologists has : expressed no driving curiosity to peek behind the stone...that no : strong diplomatic pressures are being brought to urge the granting of : the opportunity to peek...that no widescale creative efforts to bring : public interest to the question has been mounted by mainstream : egyptologists... [more deletions] He's on to us folks! I told you it wouldn't work. There are too many archaeologists competing for too few jobs and one of them was bound to blow the thing. Make his career and all that. We need a new policy if we intend to keep major archaeological finds a secret in the future. I suggest that we keep ALL grad students off ALL digs in the future. You never know what the buggers will leak just to get a competitive advantage. By the way, would somebody remind me WHY we are keeping all this secret? ------- Paul J. Gans [gans@scholar.chem.nyu.edu]Return to Top
On 6 Jan 1997 02:11:00 GMT, gans@scholar.nyu.edu (Paul J. Gans) wrote: >He's on to us folks! I told you it wouldn't work. There are >too many archaeologists competing for too few jobs and one of >them was bound to blow the thing. Make his career and all >that. > >We need a new policy if we intend to keep major archaeological >finds a secret in the future. I suggest that we keep ALL >grad students off ALL digs in the future. You never know what >the buggers will leak just to get a competitive advantage. > >By the way, would somebody remind me WHY we are keeping all >this secret? a closer reading of my post will reveal that it had nothing to do with the assinine little kiddie's game on which you, rather like the drunk who insists on telling his same one joke over and over, seem fixated...my point was the lack of curiosity, and constructive activity based upon that curiosity, among egyptologists... btw...your post included a question, if only a rhetorical one...please be careful...questions feed curiosity... frankReturn to Top
David (sci.arch.): . >Shaw (1989) for example has suggested that some of these floods >increased eustatic sea level by several meters in less than a few >years . Widespread flooding has nothing whatever to do with the biblical flood which was certainly NOT widespread. It was confined to "the face of the earth" from which Cain (the Kenites) had been expelled (Gen. 4:14) and had settled in the land of Nod. Aden, Eden, or Edinu was the name of Mesopotamia, so the land of Nod was between the so- called "face of the earth" and Mesopotamia. It is believed that "the face of the earth" was next to what we now call "the roof of the world" (Tibet). The biblical flood occurred in the 600th year of Noah, and counting the epoch of the dynasty of Adam as the Autumnal Equinox of 4000 BC, that would make the 600th year of the dynasty of Noah 2345 to 2344 BC, from the start of the flood to the grounding of the ark on "ARRT" = "highlands" of "the face of the earth: -- there was no mountain nor territory so named at that time. "The face of the earth" was what we now call the Tarim Basin (Long. 75 to 95; Lat. 34 to 44). The flood (and earthquake such that "were all the fountains of the great deep broken up -- Gen. 7:11) was a local affair but it was and, for that matter still is) a global catastrophe, because the nation destroyed there had become the world's ancient cultural center -- which is how it came to be called "the face of the earth". It was the earlier and more advanced civilization and source referred to by the Sumerians, Babylonians, and early Egyptians. The Sumerians didn't invent it as adherents to the Wellhausen "cult" (including most of our current academics) like to claim. Suds To: David Carrara (jmcarth1@gtn.net) Darwin is buried in Westminster Abbey with Church of England GreatsReturn to Top
Janet: . >Or you could see that early Judaic myths were borrowed from the >Gilgamesh * * * . Yes, but you can't now say which way the borrowing went. If you insist like Sarton that: . "The early Sumerians did not think of themselves as upstarts, but rather as the late recipients of a glorious tradition. They originated the tale of man's golden age." Geo. Sarton, A HISTORY OF SCIENCE (Harvard, 1952) p. 96 . You are more or less forced to conclude that the Messianic religion was borrowed from earlier myths. But, if you do not accept that the Sumerians made it all up, and the Babylonian and Egyptian references to an earlier and more advanced civilization were only following what the Sumerians invented, then there really was an earlier and more advanced civilization that they all depended on. Either way it is clear that the Messianic religion permeated all ancient myths. That explains the rapid rise of culture in Egypt and why that culture was rising up to Dynasty 4 and the Great Pyramid in Egypt, and why it was all downhill from there. It would mean that the deified Imhotep, responsible for the pyramid design and construction logistics was from the more advanced civilization. It would also confirm Herodotus' report that the Egyptian temples were closed during the building of the GP. And it would explain why their were no decorations on or in the "sacred" GP and its many copies (equally "sacred") built as tombs or cenotaphs. Plus it would explain a whole lot more that Egyptologists carefully ignore. But, as I said, it is not possible to now determine which way the borrowing went -- only that there was universal borrowing. And the Hebrews, who may have been descendants of that earlier and advanced civilization, had allowed their own traditions to degenerate, until Moses (like King James) got them restored, as much as possible, and preserved in the Torah. Suds To: jubran@coyote.csusm.edu (Janet Jubran) Darwin is buried in Westminster Abbey with Church of England GreatsReturn to Top
On Sun, 5 Jan 1997, John the ForeRunner wrote: > The biblical source of Egypt's race are the sons of Ham who were dark, > including the Cushites (from Sumerian city Kish) who were black. They > settled at Giza in 2170 BC perhaps earlier at Thebes *IF* they had taken > the Arabian coast to Africa. It wasn't until 140 years later that Shemites > (Chaldeans) who were kings deserted Ur in 2030 BC due to its planned suicide > (finally inacted on Koiak 21-25, May 2-6 as the original christ-mass > Osiris/Isis). Let's even say for argument's sake that it is so (which still needs some data), so what? Siro > They arrived at Memphis on the May 8 setting of Sirius and observed the absence > of Sirius (Anubis) for 70 days til July 17 when they inaugurated the 365-day calendar > with the New Year Phamenoth 1 (later becoming the 7th month). > 10 years before Mena in 2020 BC at Noah's death > united these Shemite kings into a HOUSE (Pharaoh) with the Hamitic kings > claiming that Noah's curse between the two races should end with his death. > But Noah's curse was a prediction of moral behavior which isn't going to clean up > merely because Noah has now died. Thus the Shemites had defiled their own > set of morals with those of the Hamites thru compromise. Shemetic kings controlled > the HOUSE until Joseph died in 1657 BC and Jannes who was born in 1650 BC > was raised to hate Shemites as being Hyksos intruders of government. > Since the Shemite-Egyptians were now genetically mixed as Hamitic/Shemetic, > they are referred to as Egyptians leaving with the Israelites in the Exodus. > The Hyksos 517 years in Egypt permits the number of the nation of Israel to be so > high when Israel left only 215 years after entering Egypt. > > J Shearer wrote: > > fmurray@pobox,com (frank murray) writes: > On 5 Jan 1997 01:59:51 GMT, J ShearerReturn to Topwrote: > > > > Folks, the whole concept of "race" is completely unscientific nonsense! > > > >It is a social construct invented to justify being nasty to people from > > > >other places/cultures! > > > hmmm...please state your evidence of where, when, and by whom the > > > concept of "race" was invented along with your proof of their > > > motivation in so inventing...science demands evidence... > > > frank > > Hi, Frank. Well, you called me on that! I cannot remember the author's > > name ("Barbara" something), or the exact source--the article was in _New > > Left Review_ in the late '80's, I believe. I do have a copy of the article > > _somewhere_ --we just moved from Illinois to Wash. state, so it could be > > "anywhere"! Sorry about that! If I find the article anytime soon, I'll > > post the author/source. __Jan > > ************ > A voice crying out and going unheard, > (40 years Oct 7) Nehemiah's (9:1) 50th JUBILEE of Tishri 24 > God's 1000 years has begun Sep 14 of 1996. > The 144,000 will rule before this first year ENDS. > http://www.execpc.com/~elijah/Ezra1991CE.gif > > Discover the world's true chronology thru the Bible at > http://www.execpc.com/~elijah > >
Bjorn, there as been much work from a variety of angles and sites on the Ancient Maya since the time of Thompson. You might look at the recent publications of Freidel, Schele, Houston, Bassie-Sweet, Bricker, Chase(s), among others. Try to confine your research to writings from around the last 10-15 years. The best reference to recommend to you would most likely depend on the type of article you hope to produce, ie. point of view, geographic setting, temporal setting, activity emphasis, etc. RD Milhollin, Arlington TexasReturn to Top
Yuri Kuchinsky wrote: > > August Matthusen (matthuse@ix.netcom.com) wrote: > : Yuri Kuchinsky wrote: > > : > Pre-columbian maize pollen _has been found_ in India. > > : Reference? > > The ref is in the ECONOMIC BOTANY article by Johannessen. I don't have it > with me at the moment. He says there that the evidence is still > fragmentary, but IT'S THERE. > Yuri, You previously stated that the evidence was so equivocal that the Johannessen wanted to re-core the sites. But now you're so sure that you write "_has been found_". What changed? Did the authors revise the article? Regards, August MatthusenReturn to Top
Jeff Baldwin wrote: > > As a child, I owned a paperback copy of E.B.D. I lost the book back > then and wish to replace it now. Does anyone have an author or (better > yet) ISBN and publisher for E.B.D.? Thanx. > Jeff Baldwin Here's Wallis Budge's version on the web. http://www.lysator.liu.se/~drokk/BoD/ -- zoomQuake - A nifty, concise listing of over 200 ancient history links. Copy the linklist page if you want! (do not publish though) ----------> http://www.iceonline.com/home/peters5/Return to Top
Paul J. Gans wrote: [snip] > By the way, would somebody remind me WHY we are keeping all > this secret? Because we can. Regards, August MatthusenReturn to Top
In articleReturn to Top, bb089@scn.org (James Conway) writes: > I don't think the problem is so impossible, but you have to ask >yourself why so much resistance exists for suggestions to be made. That >egyptian chronology is 'used' to date other cultural artifacts only >intensifies the resistance to accept different conclusions. BTW the >beginning nor the ending of the dynasties are in conflict. The problem >of egyptian chronology starts after the end of the Middle Kingdom 12th >dynasty to the 26th dynasty or the period of 11 centuries from about >1770 - 670 BCE. The 'placement' of each dynasty in the time line is the >question not the internal years in each dynasty itself. > > James, The resistance is to be expected. People are used to working with a system which works "for them", so why should they change. This is the old problem of "we have always done it this way". And there will be no change until the evidence and the arguments are not only persuasive but "massive" - and we are getting there. I must disagree, however, that the chronology of the Old Kingdom is in order. Nothing there is in order. There is even no assurance that most of the Pharaohs of the Old Kingdom even lived - how many mummies of them do we have??? Because of the grave robbers, the priests collected the mummies at the depots at Deir el-Bahari (discovered 1881 at DB 320) and in the tomb of Amenhotep II (discovered 1898 at KV 35). There is not a single Old Kingdom Pharaoh among them, is there? A case of the vanishing Pharaohs? Or, are those of us on the right track, who suggest that the Old Kingdom represents an astronomical "Sothic Year" system in which many of the kings listed there only have a mythological, i.e. astronomical significance? This is what Newton claimed, and he may be right. As I show at my web site http://members.aol.com/akaulins/expak/expak1.htm (expak one not letter L) the pyramid complexes on the Nile all related to the same astronomical system and to the same date, namely ca. 2340 BC.(this was a "perfect" heaven for astronomers at that date in terms of Equinoxes, Solstices, Ecliptic, etc., as Werner Papke has demonstrated, and led to the building of the pyramids) - hence there was only one master architectural construction plan. Many of the pyramids were thus built all at the same time. Bauval and Gilbert have already shown that the Giza pyramids related to Orion, and this is correct, but the pyramid of Cheops also triangulates most of the heavens on its own. (Just view the Queen's and King's Chambers as Leo/Regulus). The complex of pyramids formed by Pepi (Merire), Merenre I and Djedkare triangulated the actual Autumnal Equinox (2340 BC) and the "astronomical Vernal Equinox" 15 days prior to the actual Vernal Equinox (this was the same system used by the Babylonians, i.e. the 1st of Nissan vs. the 15th of Nissan, according to Werner Papke, Die Sterne von Babylon, for the reasons given there). The complex of pyramids formed by Pepi II (Merenre II), Schepseskaf and Ibi triangulated the actual Vernal Equinox rising 2340 BC and the actual Autumnal Equinox setting 2340 BC. The complex of pyramids fromed by Djoser, Unas, Teti and Userkaf triangulated the Summer and Winter Solstices in 2340 BC - Andis Kaulins (J.D. Stanford University, 1971)
On Thu, 02 Jan 97 16:08:23 GMT, solos@enterprise.net (Adrian Gilbert) wrote: > >> > It never ceases to amaze me that people carry on associating the event of the > explosion of Santorini with Plato's description of Atlantis. It's like us > saying that the American Civil War took place Britain or vice versa. Plato > states quite categorically that Atlantis lay beyond the Pillars of Hercules in > the Atlantic Ocean and that beyond it lay another continent (America). As a The text which we're talking about here is two dialogues between Timaeos and Critias. The island was described to the statesman Solon as being larger than Asia Minor and Libya put together and that it was a utopian commonwealth of some sort that existed 10 000 years before Christ. Perhaps based on an Athenean desire for closer integration of the city states? Some have forwarded that the myth is a remnant of a real event. Some people say it was Santorini, other say it was an island in the Aegean called Thira. Yet others claim it was America, and as "credentialous" would be our claim that Atlantis was in Scandinavia. This is was the Encarta 95 says Thira, which I suppose is as good a candidate for being Atlantis as anything: "Delos, Mílos, and Thíra contain numerous ancient remains, many of which have been excavated by archaeologists." Apparently Thira was buried by a volcano in 1500 BC. > Greek he would have known about Santorini, Crete and the other islands in the > neighbourhood. The Greeks were great sailors and their civilization was > maritime. Surely if he had wanted to talk about a little local trouble with > Santorini he would have said so and got his geography correct? Off course he knew about Santorini. But Santorini is only what remains after a much bigger island was blown to bits by an underwater vulcano. I'm not sure when this happened, but I'm pretty sure it happened before the Mycaenean age and before the Minoan age. I saw the theory aired on the Discovery Channel once, and it seems much more likely than most other "theories", especially the ones that claim that America or Scandinavia would be Atlantis. But having looked into it now, it might as well be the Thira theory. Or it all might be pure fiction - which is what I lean toward, having seen no evidence to convince me otherwize. > In my opinion the Atlantis issue is still an open question. One day we will > find the answer to this connumdrum, most likely in the West Indies. But don't > let's keep on mixing Santorini into the story. Let's keep looking for the real > thing. I really don't think there has ever been an entity known as Atlantis. Why? Because there are no evidence what so ever of it: no jugs, no amphoras, no ships or armours, or ruins. If the egyptians knew about Atlantis for real, then they would have traded with them and would have items to display. But there is nothing, except Plato's tales. Take Care Now, BjřrnReturn to Top
In a previous article, akaulins@aol.com () says: Date: 6 Jan 1997 07:49:17 GMT >In articleReturn to Top, bb089@scn.org (James Conway) writes: > >> I don't think the problem is so impossible, but you have to ask >>yourself why so much resistance exists for suggestions to be made. That >>egyptian chronology is 'used' to date other cultural artifacts only >>intensifies the resistance to accept different conclusions. BTW the >>beginning nor the ending of the dynasties are in conflict. The problem >>of egyptian chronology starts after the end of the Middle Kingdom 12th >>dynasty to the 26th dynasty or the period of 11 centuries from about >>1770 - 670 BCE. The 'placement' of each dynasty in the time line is the >>question not the internal years in each dynasty itself. >> >James, > >The resistance is to be expected. People are used to working with a system >which works "for them", so why should they change. This is the old problem >of "we have always done it this way". And there will be no change until >the evidence and the arguments are not only persuasive but "massive" - and >we are getting there. The degree of resistance isn't based on data but old ideas with no foundation of fact. That makes justification nonsense particularly when other paths are more reliable. But that is not the path being taken which is that the most unreliable chronology is forcing the more reliable ones to bend and be twisted to unrecognizability. >I must disagree, however, that the chronology of the Old Kingdom is in >order. >Nothing there is in order. There is even no assurance that most of the >Pharaohs of the Old Kingdom even lived - how many mummies of them do we >have??? Because of the grave robbers, the priests collected the mummies >at the depots at Deir el-Bahari (discovered 1881 at DB 320) and in the >tomb of Amenhotep II (discovered 1898 at KV 35). There is not a single Old >Kingdom Pharaoh among them, is there? If memory serves, there is one old kingdom mummy, just bones tho. Besides the problem of egyptian chronology isn't in the area of the old kingdom which is as reliable as they can ever get as stone monument lists exist and no counter lists to suggest they might be wrong. >A case of the vanishing Pharaohs? > >Or, are those of us on the right track, who suggest that the Old Kingdom >represents an astronomical "Sothic Year" system in which many of the kings >listed there only have a mythological, i.e. astronomical significance? >This is what Newton claimed, and he may be right. The problem of sothic is that there is no evidence of it ever having been used in ancient times. Yes, inscriptions exist but the "method" isn't documented at all and without that proof we have nothing. >As I show at my web site >http://members.aol.com/akaulins/expak/expak1.htm (expak one not letter I tried to get there but it didn't make it. Will try again. >L) >the pyramid complexes on the Nile all related to the same astronomical >system and to the same date, namely ca. 2340 BC.(this was a "perfect" >heaven for astronomers at that date in terms of Equinoxes, Solstices, >Ecliptic, etc., as Werner Papke has demonstrated, and led to the building >of the pyramids) - hence there was only one master architectural >construction plan. Many of the pyramids were thus built all at the same >time. Interesting. >Bauval and Gilbert have already shown that the Giza pyramids related to >Orion, and this is correct, but the pyramid of Cheops also triangulates >most of the heavens on its own. (Just view the Queen's and King's Chambers >as Leo/Regulus). I stick to the fact that the three great pyramids are not of the same age as all the others so I take the view that Cheops merely repaired and built chapels for his wife on the site. >The complex of pyramids formed by Pepi (Merire), Merenre I and Djedkare >triangulated the actual Autumnal Equinox (2340 BC) and the "astronomical >Vernal Equinox" 15 days prior to the actual Vernal Equinox (this was the >same system used by the Babylonians, i.e. the 1st of Nissan vs. the 15th >of Nissan, according to Werner Papke, Die Sterne von Babylon, for the >reasons given there). > >The complex of pyramids formed by Pepi II (Merenre II), Schepseskaf and >Ibi triangulated the actual Vernal Equinox rising 2340 BC and the actual >Autumnal Equinox setting 2340 BC. > >The complex of pyramids fromed by Djoser, Unas, Teti and Userkaf >triangulated the Summer and Winter Solstices in 2340 BC > >- Andis Kaulins (J.D. Stanford University, 1971) I look forward to when I can view your homepage. Best to you -- James Conway bb089@scn.org Seattle, WA 98101 USA http://www.knowledge.co.uk/xxx/cat/kjh/
vaipen@dds.nl (vaipen) wrote: >>Again, if archaeological exploration can be thwarted by a vendetta >>against someone, science in general and archaeology in particular have >>big problems. > >This is an interesting thread. Is anyone aware of the lack of interest there >seems to be in opening the room beneath the Sphinx? Is it really due to >bureaucratic nonsens or... >If anyone knows anything about this please respond to vaipen@dds.nl >Thank you! > The lack of interest in opening the room beneath the Sphinx stems from the lack of evidence that any such room exists. Do you care to provide any. CharlieReturn to Top
geo@3-cities.com wrote: >John the ForeSkinReturn to Topwrote: >>Become an archeologist will know this. >And ForeSkin is an archelogist? >Not possible. >Geo You mean you've never heard of the world famous archaeologist Alphonse Pierre Fouresquin? He was the one who found both missing briss foreskin burial places hidden for centuries just outside the ruined and buried walls of ancient Israel and Judah. Even the Assyrians didn't know where they were or they would have destroyed the sites. Jeeze, Geo, I thought everyone knew that! ;-) Mickey __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Shake off all fears of servile prejudices, under which weak minds are servilely crouched. Fix reason firmly in her seat, and call on her tribunal for every fact, every opinion. Question with boldness even the existence of a God; because, if there be one, he must more approve of the homage of reason than that of blindfolded fear. Thomas Jefferson to his nephew Peter Carr - August 10, 1787 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On 6 Jan 1997 21:38:49 GMT, gans@scholar.nyu.edu (Paul J. Gans) wrote: >A calm reading of this suggests that you feel that the lack of >interest among the worldwide community is abnormal. My paranoic >brain translates that to the assumption that you think there >is some sort of conspiracy. Since I *know* that there is >a conspiracy out there, I replied as I did. > >I'm glad that you don't think that there is a conspiracy. In >that case perhaps you'd consider that there might be rational >reasons for that "lack" of curiosity. If you pursue that line >perhaps the folks at the IAC won't have to stop your internet >access. paul, please excuse my previous tone...i had thought you were just attempting to be a smart ass...had i been informed of your condition i would have spoken more gently...hopefully, you're treatment has not been slowed by any remark of mine... best wishes for your recovery and eventual release...perhaps when you are well enough, they will reduce the dosage to a level which will allow curiosity to again spring through your brain... live carefully, and hope for that day, frank frankReturn to Top
In article <5apg5a$b0m@news.inforamp.net>, The HabReturn to Topwrote: >pmanansala@csus.edu (Paul Kekai Manansala) wrote: >>I promised Ihab to give some quotes regarding the Copts, but I can't >>remember whether it was in this thread or another. So I'll post to >>both. >> >>Ibn Qutayba (828-89) wrote: >> >> Wahb ibn Nunabbih said: Ham the son of Noah was a white man, >> with a handsome face and a fine figure, and Almighty God changed his >> color and the color of his descendants in response to his father's >> curse. He went away, followed by his sons, and they settled by the >> shore, where God increased and multiplied them. They are the blacks. >> ...Some of his children went to the West. Ham begat Kush ibn Ham, >> Kan`an ibn Ham, and Fut ibn Ham. Fut settled in India and Sind >> and their inhabitants are his descendants. Kush and Kan`an's >> descendants are the various races of blacks: Nubians, Zanj, Qaran, >> Zaghawa, Ethiopians, Copts, and Berbers. (Kitab al-Ma`arif, ed. >> Tharwat `Ukasha, 2nd ed., Cairo, 1969, p. 26) >> >> >>The same story of the curse of Ham can be found in other works like >>Sirat Saif ibn Dhi Yazan. A work covering this topic from the Jewish >>perspective is Ephraim Isaac's _Genesis, Judaism and the 'Sons of Ham._ >> >>Copts were commonly called "blacks" in Arabic literature. For example, >>the works of Jahiz of Basra (776-869). > >Interesting quotes, but I can find no quotes like this in the Koran. In >fact, the Prophet preached racial tolerance. The only intolarance I have >read in the Koran was between believers and non-believers (such quotes as >"When you meet the unbelievers, strike off their heads; then when you >have made wide slaughter among them, carefully tie up the remaining >captives", sura 47.4). > >Further, this does not prove that the Copts (the term meant all Egyptians >at the time) and Berbers were actual blacks as we know the term. It is >well known that a people who are lighter generally call darker peoples >than themselves "dark", "brown", black". I will give you an example: the >Persian Afshin (833) was well known to have called his people "white" as >apposed to the "dark" and "black" Arabs and North Africans. This does not >mean that the Arabs were actually black, but just that they were darker >than the Persians. > >As well, the Arabs themselves have a rivallry between themselves: the >Qaysite (northern Arab) and Yemenite (southern Arab) have always been >atagonistic to each other. This does not mean that they are of a >different race. > >Sheikh Rifa al-Tahtawi (1868) was probably the first in Egypt to define >the Egyptian identity along nationalistic rather than religious terms. He >united Coptic and Muslim Egyptians and considered teh Egyptian identity >as distinct. He was the first trully nationalistic Egyptian since the >Arab invasion. > >Also, the Berber Kateb Yacine (1929-1989 or 1990? I am not sure) in 1989 >said "there is no Arab race and no Arab nation". He was a true Berber >nationalist if there ever was one. > >Modern Egyptians call the Asian Arabs "shamy" (from Shem) and we define >this mostly (if you can believe it) by their nose ("meneghiroo shamy" >and "sheklo shamy" is often said). We also call teh Nubian "iswid" or >"sood"...in other words we define ourselves as unique among our >neighbours. > >What all this means is that terms used by people may not be an accurate >indication of racial, ethnic or even cultural affiliations. > > > > >The Hab > From your previous posts, you seem to have no problem classifing Egyptians as Caucasians, following the Eurocentric literature, but object to their classification as Africoid. However, Keita and Angel have suggested that the ancient Egyptians were tropical Africans. Again, what percentage of the Copts do you think are black? Are any of them black? Paul Kekai Manansala
akaulins@aol.com wrote: > >I must disagree, however, that the chronology of the Old Kingdom is in >order. >Nothing there is in order. There is even no assurance that most of the >Pharaohs of the Old Kingdom even lived - how many mummies of them do we >have??? Because of the grave robbers, the priests collected the mummies >at the depots at Deir el-Bahari (discovered 1881 at DB 320) and in the >tomb of Amenhotep II (discovered 1898 at KV 35). There is not a single Old >Kingdom Pharaoh among them, is there? > >A case of the vanishing Pharaohs? >- Andis Kaulins (J.D. Stanford University, 1971) > The royal mummy caches discovered at Thebes were for Kings that existed at least 1,000 years later than the pyramid builders at Giza. Why would you expect Old Kingdom royal mummies to show up at Thebes? To say that there is no assurance that most of pharaohs of the Old Kingdom even lived is to render the discussion of history meaningless and dialogue futile. - _____ Greg Reeder On the WWW ---------------->http://www.egyptology.com reeder@sirius.comReturn to Top
Dear colleagues As a footnote one should point out that the Ancient Saxon, myopic and besandalled despite the presence of large and slippery (Pre-Guernsey) cow-patties had one major Defect: He sadly and regularly (no pun unintended) mistook his Lunch Bucket for his Chamber Pot. Over the years as both facial hair and attitude reeked worse the Ancient Saxon began to abandon his Peaceful Agrarian Ways and learned the blunt and dispicable art of Brit Bashing in order to attract corpulent and willing "mates". Let History judge; I make no comment. But inscribed on the bottom of one such Lunch Bucket recently unearthed were the words (translation is approximate) "Eet when ye canne, Pee when ye canne, and don't get wette". Regards, Stephen -- "Nulla merces nimis, nullum opus facilior!"Return to Top
On a TLC program on the sphinx several years ago cameras were actually taken into and under the sphinx. There were several chambers that looked like they needed clearing, but nobody intended to do it. A little further down was a lot of water. Does anyone remember this? Can anyone add more info?Return to Top
In article <5ap42q$g4h@lana.zippo.com>, David Carrara (jmcarth1@gtn.net) wrote: >In articleReturn to Top, >heinrich@intersurf.com says... >>In message <5akauh$5rh@lana.zippo.com> >>David Carrara (jmcarth1@gtn.net) wrote: >>>In article , .....points well made and agreed to deleted....Oh well, some reading that I need to do this weekend about structural geology. >You still haven’t answered my question. How much of >North America was isostatically subsided by glaciation in >your figure? What were you using to infer the extent of >isostatic subsidence. I was, *until reading the above*, saying the United States south of the southern Wisconsinan glacial maximum. Unfortunately, I really do not have the time calculate an exact percentage. That should clearly define the area. Basically, I was using the surface of Wisconsinan valley trains and (tributary) slackwater lakes and Holocene floodplains along the Wasbash, Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Also, I was looking at the distribution of the A, B, and C grouping of sea level curves by Stright (1995). >>Also, there are many processes, e.g. pluvial lakes, loading of >>sediments in sedimentary basins, etc., of nonglacial origin that >>cause subsidence and gravitational anomalies. Not all >>subsidence is caused by glaciation. >I am a structural geologist and I am well aware of this. All of >these things are known and can be corrected for. I do not >think you completely understand the overwhelming >deformational effect that the glaciation had on much of the >crust of North America. ......point well taken and agreed upon...... Live and learn :-( :-( >the crust to be around 10^24 to 10^25 N-m (Walcott, >1970) this means that one would expect subsidence for >a distance of 300 to 500 km past the area of direct loading. Some Random Thoughts and Wild Ideas 1. Any idea as to the magnitude of the subsidence at 200 km?, 300 km?, 500 km? It would really be interesting to calculate it for southern Illinois (Saline County), because there are some well-preserved and large slackwater lake deposits that date to the time that this subsidence should have occurred. They should be within the zone of subsidence being about 200 km from the edge of the ice sheet. 2. Recently, the presence of paleoliquefaction structures have shown that there has been significant earthquakes in southwestern Indiana during the middle to late Holocene and earlier. Given that the estimated location of these epicenters lies at or within 100 km of the Wisconsinan ice front, could such isostatic subsidence have resulted in Pleistocene movement along these faults from which they were still readjusting during the Holocene? Or are these quakes just the regular build-up of intraplate stresses? This is significant because the earthquake hazards are calculated based upon the latter cause and, thus, the presumption that stress is being renewed after each quake. >> If it has occurred south of the >>glacial limit, then known Wisconsinan terraces should be >>uplifted or warped, which they are not. If you have citations >>for warped fluvial terraces south of the maximum extent of >>glaciation during the Wisconsinan, please, post them. >Recovery of isostatic subsidence in this area would have >been rapid and almost all would have occurred in less >than 1000 years. (Remember that the larger the horizontal >scale of the load the faster the relaxation time) Would your >Wisconsinan terraces reflect such a rapid uplift? Yes and no, for different reasons in different areas. 1. One problem is that the terraces for that interval are either nonexistent or so fragmentary, it would be very difficult to observe warping. Also, the Maumee (Flood) terraces, as others, formed too late and mostly destroyed the contemporaneous terraces. 2. Where contemporaneous terraces exist in the Upper Mississippi Valley and Kankankee River, they all have been correlated with the assumption of the lack of such subsidence and presumed to be unwarped terrace surfaces. Being within 150 km of the edge of the ice sheet, such subsidence, if great enough, could really do some obscene things to the accepted Wisconsinan terrace correlations in that area. :-) :-) Among other reasons, that might explain why, that the terrace stratigraphy is so confused in that area. :-) Regardless, it is very interesting that the possibility of warping of the terraces in the St. Louis region has been neglected in their correlation. If warping is present, the correlations might have to be redone. 3. The sea level curves of Stright (1995) are too young to detect such a brief period of isostatic depression during the glacial maximum. 4. The majority of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley terraces are too far south. 5. Finally, a careful examination of the elevation of the slackwater lakes (lakes formed by the damming of tributary valleys by the valley trains) might show something. To get a good clear picture of such subsidence, a person would likely have to look at the Wabash River. Also, there might be terraces of suitable age along either the Des Moines or Missouri Rivers where they are almost perpendicular to the ice sheet and to the gradient of any subsidence. That would take some original and very careful study. The gravity anomalies would be the main evidence at this time. Sighh. I will have to go look at Walcott (1972, 1973). Likely, this weekend. Sincerely, Paul V. Heinrich All comments are the heinrich@intersurf.com personal opinion of the writer and Baton Rouge, LA do not constitute policy and/or opinion of government or corporate entities. This includes my employer. "Afterall, if the present is *not* the key to the past, it is at least *a* key to the past." -Flessa (1993) in Taphonomic Approaches to Time Resolution in Fossil Assemblages (The Paleontological Society)
In article <19970106051800.AAA17677@ladder01.news.aol.com>, sudsm@aol.com (SUDSM) writes: >The biblical flood occurred in the 600th year of Noah, and >counting the epoch of the dynasty of Adam as the Autumnal Equinox of >4000 BC, that would make the 600th year of the dynasty of Noah 2345 >to 2344 BC, from the start of the flood to the grounding of the ark on >"ARRT" = "highlands" of "the face of the earth: -- there was no >mountain nor territory so named at that time. "The face of the earth" >was what we now call the Tarim Basin (Long. 75 to 95; Lat. 34 to 44). Suds, If you insist on using that date of 2345 BC for "the flood", then you are losing any chance of people taking your work seriously since no actual "earthly" flood took place in Mesopotamia or your "face of the earth" at that time. There may have been an actual earthly flood (such as the glacial melt) prior to that, but at least 1500 years previous or more. Your date of 2345 BC relates to the special orientation of the stars in the heavens at this date in terms of Equinoxes, Solstices, Ecliptic and so on - so that circa 2340 BC is an eminently important ASTRONOMICAL date on which a "flood" of sorts may have incurred, in that the ancients "redrew" the heavens and "flooded" the old calendric system down the tubes, which had "gone underwater" due to precession of the equinoxes. If there was an ancient "real" flood on earth, the ancients, including the Bible, redrew that "flood" in this manner in the heavens. There is no other rational explanation. Besides, for all of you out there relying on the Bible - this means you have always been partially right and that the Bible does retain this ancient history, only in a chronological manner somewhat different than you expect. And this is not unusual. Consider, rationally, that the ancients may not even have had a long-term system of chronology before the flood - but that its occurrence may have caused the creation of such a system. Hence, any long term calendration could only go back to the inception of such a system during such a flood period - and in that case, taking the date of "creation" of this long-term calender somewhere around 4000 BC, then you do have an argument. Otherwise, you are arguing for a flood - chronologically seen - which never occurred 2345 BC. Now what is the point of that? - Andis Kaulins (J.D. Stanford University, 1971)Return to Top
John the ForeRunner wrote: > > Kerry A. Northrop wrote: > > Dunkin' John wrote: > > > >Ed Conrad wrote: > > > >> Jiri: > > > What's the mystery? It is all there at Genesis 6:4 if ye will only read. > > > The mighty men of old who built the pyramids were the unclean progeny > > > of illicit couplings between the daughters of the Earth and the Nephilim. > > > > > > That is why the building of the pyramids ceased so abruptly. All the > > > Nephilim half-breeds perished in the Great Flood. That is also why it > > > is so dangerous for man to be experimenting to find ways of extending > > > life and strength by genetic research on people. > > If the pyramids stopped construction because of a global Flood, they > would have been destroyed by that Flood. Rather the lie you have heard > is corrected by the following truth. > > The pyramids ceased abrubtly because they were built post-Flood, > and society refused to see that we were not guaranteed a life as long > as 930-year Adam or 940-year Noah (his age when the world started dying) While this may soothe the zealot there is littl historical or archeological basis for this (vacuous) statement. The prevailing theory that best explains the apparent diametric opposite of Egyptian technological 'progess' is that the knowledge (architecture, astronomy, etc.) is a legacy from a predecessor civilization based in the same general region. No, I'm not talking about people who mated with angels or lived 900 years or Lemurians or any of that other fluff. Again, it is a theory and anyone speaking of the phenomenon should have the discretion to state it as speculation, not with the intoxicated hysteria that 'John' dressed his post in. > Rather while making people zealous to see pyramid projects (observatories) > as a necessity to count time and seasons to make the world safer from death > (the way we have satellites and astro-observatories observing weather, > and computers, and seismic observatories for quakes > all in the name of safety we pay these classifications). This is not even a complete sentence so I assume it parallels that fact there was no complete thought here to state. > Nimrod is the one who is accredited with The City, which since cities > existed before the Flood, this can only refer to the SYSTEM of control, > when SUDDENLY people were too old to work at a mere 240 years of age > and dying as if they had reached the normal 900. THAT is why they stopped. > Evidence proves that the 5th dynasty death caused the pyramid plan to > dwindle to a size 4x smaller as life was 4x shorter. This is incorrect. The genesis of the city concept of organization (economic, social, political, etc.) is generally accepted to have begun in the Early and Middle Uruk periods (6300 BP - 5450 BP or 4300-3450 BC). In fact, Uruk was occupied for some five millenia from the Early Ubaid period to the 3rd century AD and is the site where the earliest examples of writing can be found (dating from 5300 BP or 3300 BC). As for the people living for nine centuries, there is no evidence to show anyone in history has lived for so long and so conjecture based on such presumption has no value. > Other delays or stops before this global recognition of short longevity > were due to insisting they knew HOW to build these towers > being know-it-all authorities. "Know-it-all authorities"? You mean like you? Aside from that observation... that sentence does not make any sense. Attempting to examine your logic you are saying since they thought they knew how to do it they stopped? Sorry to inform you but generally when people feel they know how to do something, they tend to do it and continue to do so as long as they can see progress (whereas in Egypt we see the pyramid structures actually become worse in terms of technology as time progresses - a reinforcement of the legacy theory).... like land on the Moon, or build a Cathedral. Its called reality. > The towers kept collapsing > due to horizontal slide as the height increased the weight. These are all > traditions claimed to refer to the TOWER ever since Babel. Today we > see that the CAR has caused confusion and destruction just as that tower did. > You see, the confusion and destruction accredited to the tower was NOT > a mere accusation against the first one; it was an allegation against the > product itself (all towers), just as we can also blame our future mass of deaths > in the billions upon The Car. > (as well as all other mass production causing pollution by making a mass > of vain objects we discard or bury) I agree that the industrial age has done extreme damage to the environment but relevance to the Pyramids? This is what happens when you take a grain of fact and then build upon it a mountain of speculation based on what you'd like to see or your own preconceived notions. That, of course, is not science but merely zealous histrionics. The basis behind impartial unbiased discovery is to let the evidence lead you... not you take what bits of evidence you want and piece them together to fit your preconceived notion of how things are... and of course when there is no evidence to support your (usually) wild statements, you simply manufacture evidence or modify existing evidence. Lets discuss the issues, not construct dreamworlds to our own liking.Return to Top