Newsgroup sci.environment 104492

Directory

Subject: make $50000 honestly -- From: Manga
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: davidwei@uvic.ca (David Wei)
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: davidwei@uvic.ca (David Wei)
Subject: Re: GOVERNMENT CORRUPTION EXPOSED BY DAVID ICKE -- From: Hal Phillips
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: tjebb@srd.bt.co.uk (Tim Jebb)
Subject: Re: Scientific American article re: ozone (was Re: Freon R12 is Safe) -- From: B.Hamilton@irl.cri.nz (Bruce Hamilton)
Subject: Re: Major problem with climate predictions -- From: jdsh@bsfiles.nerc-bas.ac.uk (Jonathan Shanklin)
Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England) -- From: Nick Eyre
Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England) -- From: Nick Eyre
Subject: Re: MTBers Trashing One of the Last Virgin Forests in Iowa! -- From: se93sjp0@exeter.ac.uk (S.J.Pratt)
Subject: Australian discovery -- From: niko@cheops.anu.edu.au (Nick Richardson)
Subject: Chemical Equilibrium Model (MINEQL+) Available for Download -- From: ersoftwr@ersoftwr.sdi.agate.net (William Schecher)
Subject: Re: Solution to Vandeman. -- From: se93sjp0@exeter.ac.uk (S.J.Pratt)
Subject: Re: Tropical ocean warming - are climate models wrong? -- From: bodo@io.org (Byron Bodo)
Subject: Re: How many mountain bikers does it take to screw in a lightbulb? -- From: se93sjp0@exeter.ac.uk (S.J.Pratt)
Subject: Re: Capping CO2 emissions at 1990 levels -- From: Leonard Evens
Subject: Re: Carbon in the Atmosphere -- From: Leonard Evens
Subject: Re: Tropical ocean warming - are climate models wrong? -- From: "G. Rowland Williams"
Subject: HEDSETS -- From: Jim van Iterson
Subject: TENnet 通訊錄 -- From: jjkao@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw (Jehng-Jung Kao)
Subject: Re: MTBers Trashing One of the Last Virgin Forests in Iowa! -- From: jorisd@bcl1.seri.philips.nl (Joris D inhuurkracht)
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: Jeff Brinkerhoff
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
Subject: Re: Solution to Vandeman. -- From: 2bits@wco.com (Todd O.)
Subject: Re: Pure habitat. -- From: 2bits@wco.com (Todd O.)
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
Subject: Re: RCRA -- From: gibson7@primenet.com (C. W. Gibson)
Subject: Conventional Fusion FAQ Section 0/11 (Intro) Part 1/3 (Overview) -- From: Robert F. Heeter
Subject: Re: Freon R12 is Safe -- From: jbh@ILP.Physik.Uni-Essen.DE (Joshua B. Halpern)
Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England) -- From: brshears@whale.st.usm.edu (Harold Brashears)
Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England) -- From: brshears@whale.st.usm.edu (Harold Brashears)
Subject: Re: electric vehicles -- From: brshears@whale.st.usm.edu (Harold Brashears)
Subject: Re: Major problem with climate predictions -- From: G Thurman
Subject: Safety or Sanity (was the Rushmore Beeches) -- From: Martin Taylor
Subject: Re: Mountain Bikers Arrested in Grand Canyon -- From: Chernobyl Cowboyz

Articles

Subject: make $50000 honestly
From: Manga
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 17:49:12 +1000
Take five minutes to read this and it WILL change your life.
 I just read an article in an internet newsgroup describing
how
 to make $50,000.00 in only one month from a $5.00
investment.
 This is not a scam, nobody gets ripped off, the success 
 of this program depends on the number of people on the
internet.
 This is one of the few situations where everyones get rich.
 Not only does it work for me, it works for other folks as
well.
 Markus Valppu says he made $57,883 in four weeks.  Dave
Manning claims
he
made $53,664 in the same amount of time.  Dan Shepstone says
it was only
$17,000 for him.  Do I know these folks?  No, but when I
read how they
say they did it, it made sense to me.  Enough sense that I'm
taking a
similar chance with $5 of my own money.  Not a big chance, I
admit--but
one with incredible potential, because $5 is all anyone ever
invests in
this system.  Period.  That's all Markus, Dave, or Dan
invested, yet
their $5 netted them tens of thousands of dollars each, in a
safe,
legal,
completely legitimate way.  Here's how it works in 3 easy
steps:
STEP 1.
Invest your $5 by writing your name and address on five
seperate pieces
of paper along with the words, "PLEASE ADD ME TO YOUR
MAILING LIST."
(In
this way, you're not just sending a dollar to someone;
you're paying
for
a legitimate service.)  Fold a $1 bill, money order, or bank
note inside
each paper, and mail them by standard U. S. Mail to the
following five
addresses:
 1.  Chia Han Sin
        1, Keris Drive,
        Singapore 456964
 2.  Vic Williams
       14307  Virtue Rd.
        Lenoir City, Tn. 37772
 3.   Bill Brown
       148 South Downlen #796
       Beaumont, Tx. 77707
 4.   Marco Monet
        409 N.E. 107 St.
        Miami, Florida, USA 33161
 5.    Tony Chan
       32 Romani Ave 
       Lane Cove 2066
       NSW Australia
STEP 2.
    Now remove the top name from the list, and move the
    other names up.This way, #5 becomes #4 and so on.
    Put your name in as the fifth one on the list.
STEP 3.
    Post the article to at least 200 newsgroups. There are
at
    least 17000 newsgroups at any given moment in time.
    Try posting to as many newsgroups as you can.Remember
    the more groups you post to, the more people will see
your
    article and send you cash!
STEP 4.
     You are now in business for yourself, and should start
seeing
     returns within 7 to 14 days! Remember, the internet is
new
     and huge. There is no way you can lose.
    Now here is how and why this system works:
    Out of every block of 200 posts I made, I got back 5
responses.
    Yes, thats right,only 5. You make $5.00 in cash, not
checks or
     money orders, but real cash with your name at #5.
    Each additional person who sent you $1.00 now also makes
200
    additional postings with your name at #4, 1000
postings.On
    average then, 50 people will send you $1.00 with your
name at
    #4,....$50.00 in your pocket!
    Now these 50 new people will make 200 postings each with
your
    name at #3 or 10,000 postings. Average return, 500
people= $500.
    They make 200 postings each with your name at #2=
100,000
    postings=5000 returns at $1.00 each=$5,000.00 in cash!
    Finally, 5,000 people make 200 postings each with your
name at
    #1 and you get a return of $50,000 before your name
drops off
    the list.And that's only if everyone down the line makes
only 200
    postings each! Your total income for this one cycle is
$55,000.
    From time to time when you see your name is no longer on
the list,
    you take the latest posting you can find and start all
over again.
    So thats it. Pretty simple sounding stuff, huh? But
believe me, it
    works. There are millions of people surfing the net
every day, all
    day, all over the world. And 100,000 new people get on
the net
    every day. You know that, you've seen the stories in the
paper.
    So, my friend, read and follow the simple instructions
and play
    fair. Thats the key, and thats all there is to it.Print
this out
    right now so you can refer back to this article
easily.Try to keep
    an eye on all the postings you made to make sure
everyone is
    playing fairly. You know where your name should be. So
I,m asking 
    you to do this because it's good for you, good for me,
good 
    for everybody
    REMEMBER....HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY.YOU DON'T
    NEED TO CHEAT THE BASIC IDEA TO MAKE THE MONEY!
    GOOD LUCK TO ALL,AND PLEASE PLAY FAIR AND YOU WILL
    WIN AND MAKE SOME REAL INSTANT FREE CASH!
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Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: davidwei@uvic.ca (David Wei)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 07:17:01 GMT
In message  - hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
writes:
:>Given that there are NO such flywheel systems in vehicular use except
:>for a very few prototypes, I sure would like to see the data to support
:>your statement that flywheels last at least 10 years and some are
:>designed to last 30 years or more. 
Read Discover Magazine August 1996......
:>Of course, the flywheel itself is a pretty inert object, so I suppose
:>we need to be talking about flywheel _systems_.
The only thing that's get moved a LOT is the Carbon fiber disc, and you know
anything spinning at 100,000RPM will not really be inert at all...... IF they
fail due to over rev, you get a explosion..... the disc surface flex and
twist....  And the coils, MotorGenerator don't move, magnetic bearing don't
move, the sillicon chip don't move.... lots of the thing don't move, except
the disc.....
===========================================================
David Wei              E-Mail Address: davidwei@uvic.ca
            NEW!!! WWW Page:  http://gulf.uvic.ca/~swei
Running under am486DX4-120 with the POWER of OS/2 Warp.
========================Team  OS/2=========================
F-22's note to fighters on the "other" side:
You can hide, but you can't run.... :)
===========================================================
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Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: davidwei@uvic.ca (David Wei)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 07:17:08 GMT
In message  - hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
writes:
:>First, of course, you have to convince a lot of very hard-headed
:>farmers that they should grow the grain. Then you've got to pay them
:>more for the grain than they get on the open market for foodstuffs. And
:>that will drive up the price of food.
Ah, you need to check out US Patent 5,000,000. a Bio patent that creates a
bacteria that converts cellious into Ethanol. so you can just throw straws in
and out comes "Straw Wiskey".
===========================================================
David Wei              E-Mail Address: davidwei@uvic.ca
            NEW!!! WWW Page:  http://gulf.uvic.ca/~swei
Running under am486DX4-120 with the POWER of OS/2 Warp.
========================Team  OS/2=========================
F-22's note to fighters on the "other" side:
You can hide, but you can't run.... :)
===========================================================
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Subject: Re: GOVERNMENT CORRUPTION EXPOSED BY DAVID ICKE
From: Hal Phillips
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 04:26:15 -0400
goldcup wrote:
> 
> goldcup  wrote:
> >For those of you who would like insider information of worldwide
> >government corruption exposed see DAVID ICKE's homepage on
> >
> >http://www.moose.co.uk/userfiles/goldcup/david_icke.htm
> >
> >Full book list and worldwide tour details available
> >
   Anus.
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Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: tjebb@srd.bt.co.uk (Tim Jebb)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 08:32:46 GMT
A question for all you petrol fiends (I think you colonials call it 
gass-o-line or something like that :-))
What happens when the oil runs out? It could happen sooner than you 
think, particularly with all these newly industrialising countries, and 
especially China.
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Subject: Re: Scientific American article re: ozone (was Re: Freon R12 is Safe)
From: B.Hamilton@irl.cri.nz (Bruce Hamilton)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 07:31:35 GMT
jmc@Steam.stanford.edu (John McCarthy) wrote:
>In article <...> dietz@cin.net (Paul F. Dietz) writes:
>   > David Burton  wrote: 
>   > >	I don't have the SA reference but check out:
>   > >	1. What's So Bad About CFC's, Machine Design, 22 Oct 1993.
>   > >	2. The $5 Trillion Mistake, Machine Design, 24 Jan 1994.
>   > And after you have done that, revise (radically downward) your opinion
>   > of Machine Design magazine.
>   > 
>   > BTW, isn't a little strange to use a mech eng trade rag as a primary
>   > source on atmospheric chemistry?   Reviews of Geophysics would be
>   > more appropriate, don't you think? 
>As a mechanical engineering trade magazine _Machine Design_ might have
>a more accurate view of the costs that the CFC ban will impose than
>does _Reviews of Geophysics_, even though _Reviews of Geophysics_ is
>likely to be more accurate about the upper atmosphere.
" Bruce, you shouldn't be wasting your time with this"
" I know, but the article was cited, and so should be evaluated"
" OK, but no more than 30 minutes, it will rot your brain *and*
  make you blind!"
" What's so bad about CFCs " 
Ben Lieberman - Environmental Consultant
Machine Design. October 22, 1993 p.35-42 
( with associated letters in January 10, 1994 issue, p.6-7. )
The article starts...
  " In a triumph of hysteria over science, CFCs are being phased out 
  despite their usefulness and a lack of solid evidence proving they 
  are harmful "
Actually the article is full of the same old claims, it's hardly
fun reading it, as most have been debated here, but for the curious,
affer discussing Rowland and Molina's theory, he continues...
  " This theory is based on mathematical models of the atmosphere
  and several underlying assumptions, many of which are unproven or 
  have been proven false. The first of their incorrect assumptions
  is that nearly all CFCs will eventually migrate into the stratosphere.
  CFCs are broken down by heat and no doubt are being destroyed by
  forest fires, lightning, and manmade sources such as powerplants
  and blast furnaces [ how come he omitted barbeques and boy scout
  campfires? ]. Phaseout proponents arbitrarily assume CFCs are not
  exposed to temperatures high enough to destroy them.
  Anaerobic bacteria have also been shown to break down CFCs. Such
  bacteria have been found in river sediments, termite nests and
  rice paddies. The extent of biological breakdown depends on the
  CFC uptake rate into anaerobic environments, a subject yet to
  be fully studied. Passive CFC sinks have also been found. Because
  they are heavier than air, CFCs initially sink to the ground upon
  release. Some remains permanently in the soil, while others 
  accumulate in plants. Other potentially huge CFC sinks are the
  oceans. Phaseout proponents assume CFCs' low solubility precludes
  them from being assimilated into seawater....
And so on. No references, just assertions.
  " Volcanic eruptions regularly inject chlorine directly into the
  stratosphere. A single large eruption is estimated to send the
  equiovalent of one year's production of cFC's chlorine into the
  atmosphere, with one third going directly into the stratosphere.
  ( The total chlorine from a year's production of CFCs is roughly
  750,000 tonnes )"
On the "ozone hole". 
  " Moreover it wasn't " discovered " in 1985. Gordon Dobson, a 
  British scientist for whom the unit to measure ozone concentrations 
  was named, first recored the drop in ozone concentrations back in 
  1956. That was long before CFCs could have caused or contributed to 
  it "
Summarizing, he claims...
  " Scientific evidence is building that the CFC-ozone-depletion
  issue has been greatly exaggerated, both as to the probability
  that depletion is occurring and that any humanm or environmental
  damage is imminent. There is no clear evidence that the Earth's 
  Ozone layer has been depleted by CFCs or any other halogenated
  compounds. No increase in UVB has occurred, without which the
  postulated harm can not occur, and no credible evidence exists
  that a future UVB increase is likely. No depletion-induced 
  environmental has been documented. The cost of compliance could
  be exorbitant...."
etc etc. One letter in support ( all were ) had the following
  " Second, at the poles, the Sun's UV rays graze the polar 
  atmospheres at a shallow angle. This severely reduces the energy
  absorbed per unit area. More precisely, this energy per unit area
  equals the energy expected at the equator multiplied by the sine
  of the grazing angle. Thus, on the 21st of March and September,
  when the sun is due east and west, the grazing angle and its sine
  are zero, and no ozoe is generated. Consequently, is the Antartic
  ozone "hole"due to CFC chemical depletion or to low ozone
  generation because of the position of the sun. "
Well, time's up, and I'm not going to discuss the article. Virtually
all the claims ( not certain about solar angle ) have been discussed
here, and peer-reviewed scientific articles that refute most of the
claims are referenced in the Ozone Depletion FAQ. No verifiable
data is presented for the estimates of the cost of the ban. I'll try
and grab the second reference the poster cited, but I suspect it
will be little better. I highly recommend that the poster forget
the Machine Design articles and spend time reading the Ozone
Depletion FAQ, available by FTP from rtfm.mit.edu in the 
pub/usenet-by-hierarchy/sci/environment directory
I should also note that our Machine Design subscription appears to 
have been ended in early 1995, and comparing one of those issues 
with our earliest issues in the 1940s clearly demonstrates why. 
No peer-reviewed or referenced articles in the last issues, yet 
the 1940s issues were full of them. The early issues had far fewer
advertisements, whereas the later issues are dominated by them.
Just to add a little science to this post, there is an interesting
prediction about the size of the 1996 Antartic ozone hole in the
12 September 1996 issue of Nature ( p.129 ). D.J.Hofmann of NOAA
details his theory, and then predicts " Combined with higher 
levels of halogens in the global stratosphere, this should result 
in a deeper South Pole ozone hole in 1996 than appeared in 1995, 
by as much as 10 DU in the late September-early October average 
total column ozone value. " My only comment is that I wish more
scientists would take the time to read Edward R.Tufte's " The
Visual Display of Quantititative Information ". The graphs in 
Hofmann's article are appalling - you have to read a section of
text larger than the graphs to ascertain what they represent. 
              Bruce Hamilton
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Subject: Re: Major problem with climate predictions
From: jdsh@bsfiles.nerc-bas.ac.uk (Jonathan Shanklin)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 08:53:11 GMT
I supose the facts that ice sheets along the Antarctic Peninsula are 
breaking up and that the mean annual temperature at Faraday/Vernadsky
(65S 64W) has risen by 2.5 deg C over the past 50 years can conveniently
be forgotten ?
---
Jon Shanklin
j.shanklin@bas.ac.uk
British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, England
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Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England)
From: Nick Eyre
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 10:29:18 +0100
In article <3245b169.7669016@nntp.st.usm.edu>, Harold Brashears
 writes
>>>"The key to the process is that the reviewer is (theoretically)
>>>anonymous!  The author does not know the name of the reviewers or
>>>where they work.  This allows the reviewers freedom from pressure that
>>>would not have if their names were public.
>>>
>>>As you can see, this is not a "peer reviewed" document, in the usual
>>>scholarly sense.  There is no group of anonymous reviewers, free to
>>>make any politically incorrect statements they wish."
>>>
>>>I do not believe you will find anyone really familar with the
>>>peer-review process who will agree with you.  Since you claim
>>>familarity, when was your last peer reviewed paper?
>>
>>Well I agree with Steve.  And as I started this argument, I will answer
>>your question.  I received an acceptance for a paper on the
>>environmental impacts of energy use yesterday.  Thanks for asking.
>
>You are welcome.  What journal?
Energy Policy.
-- 
Nick Eyre
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Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England)
From: Nick Eyre
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 10:41:03 +0100
In article <3245b25d.7913087@nntp.st.usm.edu>, Harold Brashears
 writes
>Since the government supports many more of these researchers, why do
>you single out business.  I would think you would be inclined to say
>"that is why government is so powerful", since most of this research
>is supported by the government.
You seem to think Government is immune from all business influence.
This is implausible, certainly in both your country and mine.
>
>The IPPC report is simply the last in a series of reports, each has
>generally had a smaller and smaller prediction of temperature
>increases.  I see no reason to believe that has stopped.  
I have already pointed out that this is a bad argument for continuing to
pollute.  IPCC estimates of climate sensitivity are unchanged.  It is
scenarios for emissions which have been reduced, but this is because
more people are recognising the case for reducing emissions, not because
the science has changed.  Of course there is less risk if emissions are
reduced - that is precisely the case for doing it.
>The IPPC
>report says 0.5 to 3 C in 100 years.  To me, this does not constitute
>an emergency.
No, but it might seem different if you lived in Bangladesh.
-- 
Nick Eyre
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Subject: Re: MTBers Trashing One of the Last Virgin Forests in Iowa!
From: se93sjp0@exeter.ac.uk (S.J.Pratt)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 09:58:24 GMT
Mike Vandeman  writes:
> You can walk, can't you? No reason to rip up the trails & destroy everyone
> else's experience, as well as drive out the wildlife that you came to see.
Walking rips up trails. You state below that both cycling and hiking
damage the environment.
> - Yes, the forests are there - flora and fauna - to provide and maintain a
> - well balanced ecological cycle. But they're also there to be enjoyed. 
> 
> Says who? I don't think the wildlife would agree with you. From their point of view,
> I am sure they would rather be left alone. That is why most of them leave as soon as
> they see/hear us coming.
Mike, someone or something put us on a planet, and the fact that we
are capable of highly intelligent thought and mass communication does
not mean that we have to kow-tow to every other living species.
> You are begging the question. Who gave you the right to "use and enjoy"
> them?
Who the hell are you to take it away? My conscience gives me the right
to use and enjoy them, because I know that when I go ther I shut gates,
I never leave litter, I try not to skid, I slow down when there are
deer, horses, cows or so on at the edge of the trail... I repect the
countryside, because I appreciate that everyone else has the right to
use and enjoy it as well, and I shouldn't trash it for them. You seem
to interpret 'use and enjoy' as 'abuse and destroy,' maybe you should
get a dictionary.
> Probably. The Dutch have destroyed most of their natural areas already, & are 
> ready to do the same to others'.
If I recall, wasn't the Netherlands underwater at one point? Hell, they
must have killed some fish and stuff.
> - To my mind
> 
> Of what value is your mind, if you aren't willing to learn, e.g. by seeing things
> from the point of view of wildlife.
Of course, Mike, you _are_ the wildlife aren't you? Are you some kind
of 'chosen one,' a missionary sent by Mother Nature to quell the evil
forces of man?
>  this Dutch system is the ideal way to maintain forests which are
> - used by groups such as mountain bikers. Those who use the trails pay to keep
> - them maintained... it's simple and effective.
> 
> Effective in maintaining the trails, maybe, but not in keeping people out of
> wildlife habitat. You are missing the point.
No Mike, I reckon _you're_ missing the point. The absolute and total
exclusion of humans from wildlife areas is pointless.
> I know. But you have no knowledge to back up your belief, which is based on
> complete ignorance of biology. You can find the information you need on my
> web page.
I don't need a grounding in biology. This is ecology we're talking.
> Humans also are capable of compassion & altruism, or we would have NO parks.
> If not, we might as well all commit suicide, because we are WORTHLESS.
I think anyone who has followed Mike's threads will enjoy that last
statement.
We have parks because we enjoy flora and fauna. But surely parks are
dubious things, Mike? The sort of contol which is exerted over a
habitat in that situation must surely grate with you?
> - This is questionable, surely? There is a suggestion here that hikers cause
> - far less damage to the environment that bikers...
> 
> That missed the point. Nobody is trying to decide whether to allow hikers OR
> bikers, but hikers alone, vs. hikers PLUS bikers. The former is obviously 
> preferable.
No, again, I _didn't_ miss my point. _You_ missed _my_ point: that
it is absolutely _not_ obvious that the former is preferable. I have
seen no cast iron evidence from you, all I have to judge from is my
experience, which is that, yes, in some areas and some weather
conditions, bikes cause more erosion than hikers (though I also note
that these areas are often areas which hikers don't use -- hence the
erosion of the bike would of course be prevalent); and yes, there
is a small minority of bikers who are ignorant of hikers and the
environment. BUT I have also seen much more erosion from hikers, and
the 'ignorant' element in hiking is both proportionally and absolutely
greater than in mountain biking. The latter I would regard as 'obvious'
myself but I wouldn't expect you to see it as such, not being so
presumptious myself.
> I see a lot more erosion damage from a few bikers, than from dozens of hikers.
> Bikers also travel a lot farther & make a lot more noise.
The former point I dispute, as above. Bikes travel further... so
what? This is entirely irrelevant when we are discussing the total
erosion, where all you can see is how much damage any one trail has
suffered.
By the way, have you considered this: (there is always a process
by which erosion takes place, and this is one process which is
common, although exactly _how_ common is both debatable and of
great significance in the whole erosion argument) that areas can
be eroded by 'obviously preferable' hikers (largely due to numbers)
to a point where further erosion occurs at a vastly increased
rate (eg top surfaces such as grass or mulch being removed from a
trail). Perhaps if this had not happened then the bike tracks
would be unnoticeable.
And one thing I would love to know, is how do you feel about trail
erosion caused by indigenous fauna? In the South of England there
is the New Forest, where I went cycling for several years. However,
most of the erosion there is caused not by hikers, nor bikers, but
by the horses and ponies which live in the Forest.
> Cyclists greatly increase the number of people who can access an area.
HOW greatly, Mike? What data do you have for the exact numbers of
trail users of each denomination? My experience tells me that
hikers vastly outnumber cyclists, hence my arguments about the
relative ersion contributions.
> This is irrelevant. BOTH are harmful, as I have said many times, so we should
> reduce the numbers of visitors, by not allowing biking. YOUR proposal is to
> increase the number of people. That makes no sense, given the degree to which
> you have already destroyed your environment, and are continuing to do so.
No no no no NO MIKE! My point was that by weight of numbers, hikers
are more detrimental to the environment than bikers. That is not
irrelevant: if you think that it is then you nullify your whole 
argument because you lose track of the greater contributor. Yes, my
proposal is that the number of people accessing the countryside
should be increased. Why should I say that? NOT because I enjoy the
countryside: the major part of me is selfish and wishes that only I
was allowed access, so that I could enjoy it alone. But I acknowledge
that everyone has the right to enjoy it, so I have to share it. Call
me a lefty but things usually work out better sharing them, right?
And while I do argue that the number should be increased, I also
argue that better awareness should be both taught and enforced.
Litter-dropping should be a spot-fine offence, as should leaving
gates open, or going off-limits in restricted wildlife areas.
> > Please lay to rest the concept that wildlife cannot cope with intrusion;
> > this is nonsense: the ecological systems involved are staggeringly complex
> > and effective. 
> 
> You need to learn something about biology! This is pure nonsense. Holland is
> a good example of environmental destruction, including wildlife. How many species
> have been driven extinct there? Find out, before you continue making no sense.
OK, I don't know how many species have bocme extinct there. My
apologies, I am an engineer not an ecologist. However I do have
good experience of countryside where human intrusion is common.
One good example is a deer sanctuary in the New Forest, where
access is available to pedestrians, equestrians and cyclists.
The deer, whose population was previously dwindling in the Forest,
are now thriving. Go explain.
> There can be few people who doubt that areas rich in wildlife
> > are worth preserving; however there is no reason why we should feel forced
> > to put it in a box and never touch it. 
> 
> If that is what is needed in order to save it, yes we should!
Mike, you have just confirmed the opinion which the vast majority
of this newsgroup has of you.
What you have to understand is that this is an outlandish viewpoint.
You may not see it as such, but by definition the fact that most
people consider it so means that it _is_ outlandish. Saving forests
is a commendable cause. Fighting road construction where appropriate
is in my opinion a worthy cause also. But you must moderate your
stance before anyone, not just those 'ignorant mountain bikers' will
fight with you at those meetings.
> So you believe that nature exists only to serve humans?!!! Why don't you make
> this explicit? I thought such thinking went out with the "Flat Earthers".
No. You reckon every other species could live on unfiltered air?
I believe nature exists to serve every species, and that includes
humans. Derive from that what you will.
Stu.
Return to Top
Subject: Australian discovery
From: niko@cheops.anu.edu.au (Nick Richardson)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 11:40:20 GMT
THE ABORIGINAL VOICE OF THE NORTHEAST KIMBERLEY
SCIENTIFIC   DISCOVERY   POINTS   TO   116,000   YEARS.
EVIDENCE   TO   REWRITE   AUSTRALIAN   PRE-HISTORY
Statement by Dr. Richard Fullagher
This is a very important discovery .   We previously thought that people,
Aboriginal people were living in Australia about 60 thousand years ago and
we now have evidence from this site .....that Aboriginal people have been
in this country for at least 116 thousand years....
More details can be found at:
http://www.hard.net.au/~cam/indiginet/waringarri
or by contacting Waringarri Media at:
radio@perth.DIALix.oz.au 
or by phone on +61 91 682214
Return to Top
Subject: Chemical Equilibrium Model (MINEQL+) Available for Download
From: ersoftwr@ersoftwr.sdi.agate.net (William Schecher)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 12:30:52 GMT
Reposting of software availability:
-----------------------------------------------------
This is a notice to anyone interested in chemical equilibrium
software for educational and research use. MINEQL+ is now available
on our web site at :
http://www.agate.net/~ersoftwr/mineql.html
MINEQL+ uses the same numerical engine and thermodynamic database
as EPA'S MINETEQA2, but it is much easier to use and understand.
The user interface is a cursor-driven, spatial motif that is
similar to the tableau's used in Morel and Hering's "Principles of
Aquatic Chemistry." This motif also parallels the underlying ideas
within the numerical engine. The program is a DOS/PC program.
This software was designed as a research tool, but it has primarily
been used as an aid to teach chemical equilibrium modeling at the
graduate level. It is currently used in over 400 colleges and
universities.
The software is distributed in a freeware manner, so students can
each have a copy. The manual must be ordered and purchased
separately, but it too can be copied for student use.
Check out our web site for more information or e-mail us at
ersoftwr@agate.net
Return to Top
Subject: Re: Solution to Vandeman.
From: se93sjp0@exeter.ac.uk (S.J.Pratt)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 12:22:15 GMT
Mike Vandeman  writes:
> I'm the one having most of the fun, here. It is instructive to all of our readers
> around the world that mountain bikers aren't intelligent enough to understand the
> difference between PacBell.com (a telephone company) and Pacbell.net (an Internet
> service provider). But go ahead, continue wasting your time and failing your own
> IQ test! Todd Ourston is the only one of you that is even capable of using words
> with more than one syllable, even if not honestly.
Please, Mike, you are confusing intelligence with knowledge.
Allow me to correct you: "mountain bikers _do not know_ the
difference between PacBell.com and PacBell.net"
You have used examples such as this on several occasions to
accuse mountain bikers of being unintelligent. There is a
world of difference between intelligence and knowledge. It
is very patronising to accuse an entire group of society of
being halfwits merely because they are unaware of such
details. Scathing generalisations of illiteracy, which you
have used many times, do nothing for your argument and only
serve to irritate. Or is that the intention?
Stu.
Return to Top
Subject: Re: Tropical ocean warming - are climate models wrong?
From: bodo@io.org (Byron Bodo)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 12:40:58 GMT
In article <523kg1$igt@dfw-ixnews2.ix.netcom.com>, jwas@ix.netcom.co says...
>
>>>
>>>Are these the only two alternatives?
>>>Of course not. One does not have to be satisfied
>>>with *any* model, the original one or the tweaked one.
>>>One can reject the whole "science" of predictive
>>>climatology - 
>>
>>No doubt, to be replaced by your favourite 
>>flavour of voodoo ?  
>
>I have none! That was exactly my point: one does not *have*
>to choose between flavors of voodoo. One voodoo method
>(predictive and prescriptive climatology, based
>on arbitrary models) does not *have* to
>be replaced by another. One can simply
>admit that one *does not know* how the climate will
>change.
Ah.. The "let's put a bag over our heads" so that we
'see no evil' school of thought.  
Easy enough to arbitrarily label climate modelling or 
anything else you don't like as voodoo.
>
>Of course, it would be *honest*, and that's
>too much to expect when so much is at stake... :-(
Honest in some arbitrarily defined sense of your own
making.  Science doesn't seem to have much to do with it.
-bb
Return to Top
Subject: Re: How many mountain bikers does it take to screw in a lightbulb?
From: se93sjp0@exeter.ac.uk (S.J.Pratt)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 11:43:48 GMT
How many mountain bikers does it take to screw in a light bulb?
None. They wouldn't do it, because you can't anodize glass.  :-)
Stu
Return to Top
Subject: Re: Capping CO2 emissions at 1990 levels
From: Leonard Evens
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 07:40:35 -0500
Steinn Sigurdsson wrote:
> 
> B.Hamilton@irl.cri.nz (Bruce Hamilton) writes:
> 
> > costs are considerably higher than the US. I could
> > also note that the high price of energy also means
> > that the average French automobile  in 1990 achieved
> > fuel economy of 8l/100km, versus 10l/100km for the US
> > average fuel ecomony. ( " Tomorrow's Engines and
> > Fuels " A.Douaud. Hydrocarbon Processing.
> > February 1995 p.55-61. ).
> 
> Just curious. Is any of that difference due to
> difference in emission standards or safety
> standards? Some certainly is due to the
> difference in mean size and weight of the cars,
> but how much, and are there auxillary reasons
> for US cars having bigger engines in the meand
> (like catalytic converters) or heavier bodies
> (like different crash standards)???
One of the known reasons why the overall fuel economy of 
American cars has stagnated after large improvements
following the oil shocks of the 70s is the shift to 
small trucks and vans, which are not covered by the
fueld efficiency standards established in the 70s.  Including
such vehicles would do something to redress the matter.
And it is hard to argue that this is not possible since
one of the reasons Detroit gives as opposing such rules
is that it would give the Japanese and unfair advantage because
they already know how to do it.
-- 
Leonard Evens       len@math.nwu.edu      491-5537
Department of Mathematics, Norwthwestern University
Evanston Illinois
Return to Top
Subject: Re: Carbon in the Atmosphere
From: Leonard Evens
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 08:06:47 -0500
Steinn Sigurdsson wrote:
> 
> Leonard Evens  writes:
> 
> > Steinn Sigurdsson wrote:
> > >
> > > Argh. The climate system seems to have recovered stably, and
> > > repeatedly to something like its initial regime, after large
> > > (dT > 1 K) sudden (t = 1-3 years) radiative perturbations,
> > > namely VEI 6-7 events. I'm contending that this is evidence
> > > of some stability, as one might expect from Le Chatelier's
> > > principle, and the absence of instability to high frequency
> > > perturbations. I also noted that this is not an absolute
> > > stability, there is evidence that sudden dT > 10 K will
> > > cause a climate shift.
> 
> > It seems to me that you are engaging in argument by analogy.  True,it
> > is scientificly informed analogy, but unless you can present some more
> > detailed argument on the basis of Le Chatelier's Principle, what you say
> > is just so much `academic tea' speculation.   Note that the IPCC and the
> 
> Funny, I thought I was engaged in an argument based on
> what has actually happened. Namely transient forcing of
> the climate which did not lead to onset of instabilities
> (while simultaneously rather carefully noting that there
> were instances of "large enough" transients that did
> trigger instabilties or state changes).
> Or would you like an actual citation of transient volcanic
> events that lead to global radiative forcing larger than
> the current anthropic perturbations? ie do you doubt that
> they actually occured?
> 
> Of course the response to rapid or slow ramping will be
> different from the response to sudden cooling followed
> by slow warming. That's why I'm curious about the warming
> transients in the historical record.
> 
> > climatologists they quote have engaged in actual research on these
> > matters which has been published in peer reviewed journals.   If you can
> > present a well reasoned argument that the climate is basically stable
> > and impervious to perturbations, even large perturbations, which you
> > seem to have done the last time you raised this point, perhaps, as a
> > practicing scientist you should submit that paper to a peer reviewed
> > journal.
> 
> Not everything I do has to be submitted to a peer reviewed
> journal. I happen to enjoy "academic tea" (well, I prefer coffee)
> speculation. I'm also the person who first (as I far as I could tell)
> raised the issue of Atlantic Conveyor instability _on this newsgroup_
> as a major possible climate change hazard.
> 
>
If I have time I will respond to your posting at greater length since
it raises several interesting points.   However, let me point out that
the issue of the thermohaline circulation and the possibility of a shift
to a different regime fairly rapidly has been discussed in this
newsgroups repeatedly for a very long time.   I don't want to get
engaged in a priority battle in an informal news group, but I can assure
you I have been aware of this question for at least three years and I
have repeatedly mentioned it.   In case you are interested in such
matters, you should look at what Wallace Broeker has had to say in
Nature and more recently in Consequences.   Michael Tobis has also
discussed this issue repeatedly.
I also am fully aware of the Mt Pinatubo eruption and the fact that it
lowered average global temperatures by about 1 deg c (if I remember
correctly), and that the effect was pretty much what the models
predicted.   It damped out because the straospheric dust settled,
not because of Le Chatelier's Principle.   If in fact it is possible
that fairly small perturbations could shift the climate system to a
different equilibrium through changes in thermohaline circulation, we
are more likely to find out about such matters by studying the
literature, including the IPCC Reports than by engaging in idle
speculation.   In fact Manabe, et. al. ran a computer experiment on that
matter at least two years ago, and I suspect there have been several
other such experiments done more recently.   If I remember correctly
Manabe, et. al. ran a steady increase, according to one of the usual
scenarios in CO_2 concentration and followed what happened for something
like 400 years.  They found that the thermohaline circulation decreased
but then eventually reasserted itself.  Of course, that is hardly the
last word on the matter.   Right now models which couple oceans and
atmosphere are incomplete and have some serious problems.  So one would
have to take anything they say about the matter with a grain of salt.
However, we don't have much choice in the matter because such models are
the only theoretical tools available to investigate such matters in
depth.   Back of the envelope, or even back of the head, calculations
aren't going to do it.
I apologize that my response was not well directed.  It referred not
only to the posted article but to a previous article in which you
claimed that Richard Lindzen's criticism of the usual treatment of water
vapor feedback was just part of a general application of Le Chatelier's
Principle, or something to that effect.  I still don't see why that has
anything to do with the matter.  I asked you to explain that in some
detail and as far as I can tell, you still haven't done so.   Maybe I am
just stupid or ignorant of basic science, but I still think your
original comment about Lindzen confused the matter and didn't do justice
to what he actually did.
Also, I don't see what your opinions about whether change is good or bad
have to do with the matter.
Leonard Evens       len@math.nwu.edu      491-5537
Department of Mathematics, Norwthwestern University
Evanston Illinois
Return to Top
Subject: Re: Tropical ocean warming - are climate models wrong?
From: "G. Rowland Williams"
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 13:22:29 GMT
Non-linear effects: Don't overlook the fact that observable change 
in the world heat engine might be sudden rather than smooth.  Years of 
energy input might not show in the high latitudes until the ocean 
currents suddenly "flip" into a new regime, for example.  I suspect 
that anthropogenic climate forcing is more likely to result in 
non-linear rather than linear effects, and to catch us off-guard.
-Rowland 
Return to Top
Subject: HEDSETS
From: Jim van Iterson
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 15:48:51 +0200
Does anybody know how to make a HEDSET?
Return to Top
Subject: TENnet 通訊錄
From: jjkao@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw (Jehng-Jung Kao)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 21:38:37 +0800
Dear netter,  
   Sorry to post such a Chinese message here.   
   Only this time.  Won't do so again. (well... may be not, but at least
       not very often,:-).
   This message is posted only for any Chinese who is 
   from Taiwan and is now working/studying in environmental areas.
| Jehng-Jung Kao, Prof.      Email: jjkao@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
| Inst. of Environ. Engrg.       Tel/Fax: 5731869/5725958
| National Chiao Tung Univ., 75 Po-Ai St., Hsinchu, Taiwan 30090, ROC.
| http://green.ev.nctu.edu.tw/~jjkao
--------------------
各位TENnet網路小組成員,
因上週在中興環工系所開會,提到通訊錄的程式與管理.
因以前的通信錄是人工管,沒有人手做此事.所以改為以程式自動管理.
請參見以下FAQ之說明. 歡迎您提供您的個人資料加入此通信錄.
也歡迎國外的朋友加入.
此信息亦 post 至 tw.environment, sci.environment, soc.culture.taiwan.
-- jjkao
------------------
如何 提供/更改/刪除/尋找 TENnet 的通信錄資料?
   [提供/更改:個人] 
      若是TENnet 的機器上的users 不必做此動作,TENnet 會自動每個月
	自動更新一次;
      若是個人,請寄一個email 至 ph@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
	Subject: +  
	格式請依照以下二種格式任選一種 (建議採用第二種)
          [第一種]
		中文姓名
		英文姓名
		單位及職稱
		辦公室電話
		辦公室傳真 [可省略]
		家中電話[可省略]
		其他email 住址[可省略]
		辦公室住址
		家中住址[可省略]
		URL住址[可省略]
		Expiration date [這行一定要給,若不給,則假設為一年]
		        若是永遠的,請打 never
          [第二種]
		即TENnet一般用的4/5行簽名檔(~/.Sig 執行 gochange .Sig)
		加上 Expiration date
		例:
	| Jehng-Jung Kao, Prof.         Email: jjkao@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
	| Inst. of Environ. Engrg.      Tel/Fax: +886-3-5731869/5725958
	| National Chiao Tung Univ., 75 Po-Ai St., Hsinchu, Taiwan 30090, ROC.
	| 高正忠 (教授) 交大環工所 新竹博愛街75號 (Chinese) 
	| http://green.ev.nctu.edu.tw/~jjkao
	never
 	   所以個人資料至少有四或五行
	   Expiration date  這行請用 mm:dd:year 格式來提供
		        若是永遠的,請打 never
 	   例如: 07:31:1996 表示1996年07月31日將過期
	若您要更改資料時,可隨時重寄一次即可.  但一定要用同一個
		email address,否則您需要先用刪除指令. 
   [提供/更改:團體] 
	一般不希望以此方式來提供,但有部分單位可能已有內建的通信錄可轉出,
	這時可用此處所述的方式來提供
	請依以下格式建一個檔:
  	   每一個人的資料,其格式如下
	      第一行為email address,例如: environ@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
		  注意,第一行請不要打入任何其他資料.
	      之後數行為個人資料,請參閱上述說明
	      最後一行為 Expiration date,請參閱上述說明
	   ... (重複,直到每一個人或單位的資料都輸進去).
 	   (若有人沒有email住址,請設一個可通知到他的email 住址)
         將上述檔案email 至 ph@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
	  Subject:+group
   [刪除] 
	若為個人,則同樣地,寄個email 至 ph@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
	    Subject:-
	若為團體,則必需是同一個人,寄個email 至 ph@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
	    Subject:-group
	      信件中每一行輸入一個email address 即可.
   [尋找]
      請寄一個email 至 ph@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw
	有三種格式
	Subject: ?keyword
	Subject: ?email_address
	Subject: ?@hostname
	keyword 可以為任何字,但只找中文姓名,英文姓名及email 住址中有出現的.
	email_address 為 Email 住址
	hostname 為機器的名稱 (例: green.ev.nctu.edu.tw)
  [自動更新系統安裝說明]
	TENnet 的工作站會每月自動更新其上的個人資料(有存在 ~/.Sig 者)
  	所以在TENnet工作站的人不必寄,系統會自動更新.
	若您的工作站也希望納入自動更新系統.但不是TENnet系統的工作站時,請
	參考以下步驟安裝
	   (0) 您的工作站上必需有裝 perl.
	   (1) 請由 ftp://green.ev.nctu.edu.tw/ev/local/bin/ 之下取得
			tennet 
			localbin.h
	   (2)	mv localbin.h /usr/local/include/localbin.h
		mv tennet /usr/local/bin/tennet 
		chmod +x /usr/local/bin/tennet
	   (3)	更改 /usr/lib/aliases, 加入以下一行
		tennet: "| /usr/local/bin/tennet"
		上面之行tennet 之前不要有任何空白,然後以superuser 執行
		以下指令
		/usr/lib/sendmail -bi
	   (4) 然後寄一個email 給 environ@green.ev.nctu.edu.tw 告訴我們
		您的工作站的 hostname,我們將會把您的工作站納入自動更新的系統中. 
	   (5) 以後只要您的工作站上有任何user有建立~/.Sig 即會自動將其納入.
  [以下僅供一些TENnet 工作站的人看]
	TENnet 的工作站會每月自動更新其上的個人資料(有存在 ~/.Sig 者)
  	所以您不必寄,系統會自動更新.
	若您希望您的個人資料能自動放入 
	   TENnet (台灣環境資訊網路) 的通信錄中.
	請在 green/poai3/ev001/ev004/ev009 上執行  
	   gochange .Sig
	當您執行的此指令後,以後TENnet 的自動管理員會為您自動更新您最新的
	  資料(預計每個月做一次). 您不必做任何動作.
	  若您不希望提供您的資料,請把您的主錄下的 .Sig 去掉(rm -f ~/.Sig).
	這個檔與cpine 無關,若您希望cpine 有簽名檔.
	  請另外執行  
	      gochange .signature
	以前的 gochange 內定是自動產生 .signature
	  但有很多人不喜歡自動加簽名檔. 所以目前是選項,若您要用,請執行
	  上述指令.
Return to Top
Subject: Re: MTBers Trashing One of the Last Virgin Forests in Iowa!
From: jorisd@bcl1.seri.philips.nl (Joris D inhuurkracht)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 14:04:22 GMT
Hi,
And guess what, I suspect that Mike travels all the way to
work in his comfortable POLLUTING car. Oh, I forgot, pleople
like him don't have jobs, they are just a burden on the
welfare-system.
-Dennis
--
Ing. D.M. Joris,  Software Specialist,
Philips CE/ASA Lab,				tel: +31 40 27 33826
Building : SFJ-7				     +31 40 27 35365
E-mail   : jorisd@iclab.ce.philips.nl 	   	fax: +31 40 27 37353
         : gto@iaehv.nl (na 21:00 reply)
Homepage : http://www.iaehv.nl/users/gto
====================================================================
Butt-Head: That SUCKS, uh uhu uhu.
Beavis: Yeah.... and it SUCKS too, uhuhu uhu uh.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Return to Top
Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: Jeff Brinkerhoff
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 10:28:56 -0400
> 
> >>Dodge boy said:
> 
I wonder if anyone else read a recent (Sorry, I don't have it here) 
issue of Popular Science (or maybe Discover, I can't remember)that 
contained an article about electric vehicles. The one article was about 
the production of a flywheel energy storage system (battery) that is at 
the point of real-world testing. 
I think that this technology might be the future of electric powered 
vehicles. No acid, no heavy metals, more compact, higher energy 
density, it never wears out and will most likely be more efficient than 
chemical batteries.
Briefly for those of you not familiar with the technology: you create a 
flywheel of optimum size/density and spin it very quickly in a vaccum 
while suspending it on magnetic bearings. The once spun up (Via an 
electric motor) flywheel will store A LOT of energy for a really long 
time, and when you want to use some energy (go somewhere) the motor 
becomes a generator and away you go. If you need more energy storage you 
add more flywheels. I think the article said a "pack" of about 8-10 
flywheels could give a car the magic '300' mile range and would fit in 
the average engine compartment. The other advantage of flywheel 
technology over chemical is that the re-charge time is very fast (spin 
'em up)- something like 5-10 minutes on a high-current connection.
I know there will probably be flames about this technology, but if you 
are thinking of the hybrid flywheel/gas engine indy car from a few years 
ago I beg you to read the article first. There apparently have been 
quite a few advances in the technology in the past few years. (mainly in 
the design of the bearings and the construction of the flywheel).
Return to Top
Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 14:27:31 GMT
In article <525dhd$j8o@ktk2.smartt.com>, David Wei  wrote:
>In message  - hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
>writes:
>
>:>Given that there are NO such flywheel systems in vehicular use except
>:>for a very few prototypes, I sure would like to see the data to support
>:>your statement that flywheels last at least 10 years and some are
>:>designed to last 30 years or more. 
>
>Read Discover Magazine August 1996......
I did. There was no data. Claims of the manufacturer/inventor are not
data. Only prototypes were involved. We need data supprting the claim
for mass production items (and I mean *mass*, productioin, wiht 16 of
the things in every car).
>:>Of course, the flywheel itself is a pretty inert object, so I suppose
>:>we need to be talking about flywheel _systems_.
>
>The only thing that's get moved a LOT is the Carbon fiber disc, and you know
>anything spinning at 100,000RPM will not really be inert at all...... IF they
>fail due to over rev, you get a explosion..... the disc surface flex and
>twist....  And the coils, MotorGenerator don't move, magnetic bearing don't
>move, the sillicon chip don't move.... lots of the thing don't move, except
>the disc.....
Um. Magnetic bearings DO move. That is, the stator and rotor move with
respect to each other. That is, in fact, one of the problems to
be conquered in mass production.
-- 
    ********** DAVE HATUNEN (hatunen@netcom.com) **********
    *               Daly City California                  *
    *   Between San Francisco and South San Francisco     *
    *******************************************************
Return to Top
Subject: Re: Solution to Vandeman.
From: 2bits@wco.com (Todd O.)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 14:34:58 GMT
On Wed, 18 Sep 1996 05:53:52 -0700, Mike Vandeman 
wrote:
> I'm the one having most of the fun, here.
Mike, I'm glad you feel that way.  It bothers me to hold up my end of
our entertaining exhanges only to have you go into hiding just as we're
getting to the good stuff.  For instance, I posted several articles in
mid-April that were full of questions for you, but you disappeared as
soon as I posted them.  I was very disappointed, but now that you're
back and having fun, perhaps we can pick up where we left off.  Just for
fun, why don't you review the following repost?  If you are short on
time, please be sure to take in my humble conclusion and post one of
your convincing replies.
Have fun, Mikey!  I've got several more when you're ready for them.
===============================
From: 2bits@wco.com (Todd O.)
Newsgroups:
rec.bicycles.off-road,sci.environment,ca.environment,rec.animals.wildlife
Subject: Re: Vandeman's Recreation Kills Wildlife! (was Re: "Harmless"
Recreation Kills Wildlife!)
Date: Mon, 15 Apr 1996 22:00:54 GMT
Message-ID: <3172c5ed.21756781@news.wco.com>
On 14 Apr 1996 16:22:45 GMT, Mike Vandeman  wrote:
> 2bits@wco.com (Todd O.) wrote:
> >On 12 Apr 1996 04:36:36 GMT, Mike Vandeman  wrote:
> >
> >> Todd "2bits" is pretending not to understand that a little of 
> >> something (experiencing wilderness) can be a good thing while
> >> too much (enough to drive out much of the wildlife) is bad. I
> >> guess you think that NO amount of mountain biking can do any 
> >> harm....
> >
> >No, Mikey , I was just pretending to take your
> >statements seriously.  Here, I'll do it again just for fun.
> 
> As usual, you attach the messenger, since you can't refute my post
> with any facts or logic.
I did refute your post with a simple fact: I was not pretending not to
understand that a little of something can be a good thing.  See that
first word in my reply?  It means I have declared that you are factually
incorrect in this context.
> I am glad that you mountain bikers continue
> proving me right, over and over! 
Here we go again--more hypocritical and bigoted remarks about mountain
bikers.  Let me refresh your memory, Mikey.  It was just a few days ago
that you wrote:
# It sounds like you almost got the point: yes, there is no point in
# distinguishing MTBers from other humans
# . . .
> It is obvious to anyone watching
> this that you are threatened by my information on the harm done by
> mountain biking, but since you can't refute it, you try to shut up
> and intimidate the messenger (with ZERO SUCCESS, of course). Just
Uh, Mike, maybe you missed it, but in my initial reply--the one that you
acknowledged reading by lamely asserting I was pretending not to
understand that some wildlife viewing could be a good thing--I carefully
quoted several citations that you had referenced and pointed out that
they indicated your own hiking and wildlife viewing poses a threat to
wildlife and biodiversity.  I also pointed out your assertions that
mountain biking stands out as such a threat were conspicuously
unsupported by your references to an apparent authority on the subject.
On that basis, I have dismissed your unsupported assertions.  Sorry if
you find that intimidating, but that's life.  I am not threatened by
your unsupported assertions, I am humored by them, and even more humored
by your attempts to defend them without addressing the criticisms I have
leveled at them.
> keep up the name-calling -- it shows everyone exactly where you
> are coming from!
What name calling?
> >Please explain why human exploration of wilderness areas is a good
> >thing, and how much of it is good.
> 
> Obviously, SOME exposure to nature is needed, so that children 
> can learn that nature is better than our concrete world. EQUALLY
Yes, I seem to recall a paper of yours in which you promoted wilderness
exploration for the benefit of children.  Then again, I recall that you
once wrote:
# Since we know so little about other species (and even ourselves), it
# is safer assuming that ALL species are "sensitive" to human presence.
# Obviously, endangered species are among those, but almost ALL species
# avoid contact with humans, and thus probably don't like having us
# around. You don't hear too many people admit this (even scientists,
# who are themselves one of the impacts), but it is nevertheless true.
# It would be nice if people would be honest once in a while....
This suggests a dilemma: should we place the educational value of
wilderness exploration above the negative (and some would say,
"trivial") impacts to wildlife that you say we should expect as a
result?  As luck would have it, you seemed to have answered that
question in another post of the same day (7/31/95):
# Trivial to whom? Not to the wildlife that are killed, or crowded off
# their preferred habitat, due to the influx of more humans. Why take
# the human point of view, when that is exactly the problem? What is
# important is the view of the wildlife that are affected by you.
I understand this to mean that you do not really believe that a little
wilderness exploration or wildlife viewing could be a good thing, your
recent contradiction of that notion notwithstanding.  I will allow that
the above statement does leave some wiggle room.  However, the following
quote of yours, written a couple of weeks later, leaves no room to doubt
that you believe (1) there is no evidence supporting your new found
position that a little wilderness visiting by humans is good, and (2)
that the likely net results of any amount of such visitation will be
negative:
# In other words, there is absolutely no proof that getting people into
# the wilderness results in any net gain.  I would say that it is more
# likely that there is a big net LOSS.
You have contradicted yourself.  At least some of what you have declared
in very strong terms is wrong, perhaps all of it is.  Which positions do
you care to abandon as falsehoods?  Or would you prefer to bolster your
reputation as a (self-defined--see the last quote) hypocrite?
> obvious to most people is the fact that too much human access
> drives away most of the wildlife and destroys the very things
> that make natural areas so attractive to us. 
But how much is too much?  You've already said we should always assume
that all species are sensitive to the mere presence of humans.  Is it
really your position that we should continue some level of human
intrusion upon sensitive wildlife species, and that doing so is "good"?
I wouldn't have guessed were it not for the fact that you continue to
pursue such intrusions yourself despite many empty claims of favoring a
ban on hiking and all other means of visiting wilderness.
> Where we differ is
> in the fact that you don't recognize the latter fact, or (more
I've never denied that at some point the level of human visitation of
wildlife habitat can disrupt or even drive out the wildlife.
> likely) don't care. You want to be able to mountain bike off-
> road with no limits. This is tantamount to signing a death
> warrant on nature.
I've never advocated mountain biking, hiking, wildlife viewing, boating,
etc., without limits.  In fact, as I posted a few days ago, I am willing
to take the same stand that you have on the issue: I am willing to
devote most of the Earth to exclusive wildlife habitat so long as I can
continue to use the small fraction of open space that I prefer in a
manner that is pleasing to me.  That may leave others with no place to
go, and it may mean that many or most people will have to be banned from
doing their thing in the places I want to visit, but that's no sacrifice
to me, so what do I care?
> >  Also, be sure to explain how you can
> >justify a little bit of wilderness visitation by humans when it is your
> >position that all of the Earth has been stolen from wildlife.  Is your
> >point something along the lines of a little bit of breaking and entering
> >is good, but too much is bad?
>
> A little exposure to wilderness is good (for us, but not for the
> wildlife who live there), and, yes, too much is bad for us, as
> well as wildlife. 
You didn't answer my question.  I asked for your justification of
wilderness visitation, which you have declared to be bad for wildlife,
in light of the fact that you also claim we have no right to visit such
habitat at all.  If you missed the point, perhaps your own words will
bring it into focus for you:
# You are wrong! That is the HUMAN point of view: that we "own" every
# square inch of the Earth, and therefore can do what we want with it.
# We stole ALL of our lands from wildlife and native Americans. They
# have first priority on it, especially wildlife, who simply cannot
# protect itself from us.  Wildlife should have first choice to public
# lands.
When is the last time you asked wildlife for permission before setting
out on a hike on "their" land?  That is a rhetorical question, in case
you are confused.  To help you beter understand my point, here is how
you once expressed it:
# As usual, "fairness" is defined only from the humans' point of view.
# What is fair to the wildlife that live there? Obviously, if they 
# don't want humans around (who would?!), you are out! How can you
# JUSTIFY stealing wildlife habitat?
Well, Mikey, how do YOU justify it?
> No, there is no contradiction. My position has been consistent 
> from the beginning. You are just pretending (very convincingly)
> to be too stupid to understand it.
Ah, that must be it.  Silly me.  Here I thought it was clear that you
were just contradicting yourself right and left.  I suppose I should
have realized that I just wan't smart enough to understand that the
obvious contradictions in your stated positions are all perfectly
consistent with one another, but that I am just not intelligent enough
to understand how that could possibly be true.  Damn!  I thought you
were just being a hypocrite by pointing out that hiking harms wildlife
yet continuing to hike rather than imposing a ban on your hiking, for
example.  Well, I give up!  Please explain the hidden meaning of this
quote of yours, which I have obviously misunderstood:
# Saying that hiking is destructive, without asking that it be banned,
# means that you don't care about the environment. The usual name for
# such behaviour is "hypocrisy".
Todd Ourston
Marin County, California
--
 I am working on preserving mtb-oriented cyberspace that is 
 off-limits to Vandeman ("pure mtb discussion"). Want to help?
 (I spent the previous 2+ years fighting Vandeman's unwelcome 
 disruptions.)
 http://www.cycling.org/mailing.lists/mtb/mailing.list.info
Return to Top
Subject: Re: Pure habitat.
From: 2bits@wco.com (Todd O.)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 14:35:04 GMT
On Fri, 20 Sep 1996 09:45:05 -0500 (EST), "Marc VanHeyningen"
 wrote:
> Thus said Mike Vandeman :
> >I'd like to start with Alcatraz Island -- not because it is great habitat, but

> Several of Washington State's San Juan Islands already have this status
> and have for a while.  Giving Alcatraz this status probably would serve
> mainly to convince people that protected areas are chosen not on the
> basis of sensitive ecosystems deserving protection but for publicity.
Vandeman's suggestion is absurd.  If you back up a couple of posts, this
is what about what he is trying to accomplish in the way of pure habitat
(before he let us know that Alcatraz is where he wanted to start):
> > Remove all access aids, such as roads & maps. Remove it from all maps, like
> > "terra incognita" on medieval maps.
What's the point of removing Alcatraz from all maps?  It is easily seen
with the naked eye from several large cities.  It is also right next to
a heavily used shipping lane.  All we could expect to accomplish by
removing it from maps are tanker spills and other shipping disasters.
What sort of environmentalist would advocate that?
Todd Ourston
Marin County, California
--
 I am working on preserving mtb-oriented cyberspace that is 
 off-limits to Vandeman ("pure mtb discussion"). Want to help?
 (I spent the previous 2+ years fighting Vandeman's unwelcome 
 disruptions.)
 http://www.cycling.org/mailing.lists/mtb/mailing.list.info
Return to Top
Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 14:28:46 GMT
In article <525dhk$j8o@ktk2.smartt.com>, David Wei  wrote:
>In message  - hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
>writes:
>:>First, of course, you have to convince a lot of very hard-headed
>:>farmers that they should grow the grain. Then you've got to pay them
>:>more for the grain than they get on the open market for foodstuffs. And
>:>that will drive up the price of food.
>
>Ah, you need to check out US Patent 5,000,000. a Bio patent that creates a
>bacteria that converts cellious into Ethanol. so you can just throw straws in
>and out comes "Straw Wiskey".
When the subject is "grain based alcohol", I don't need to check out
any such thing.
-- 
    ********** DAVE HATUNEN (hatunen@netcom.com) **********
    *               Daly City California                  *
    *   Between San Francisco and South San Francisco     *
    *******************************************************
Return to Top
Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: hatunen@netcom.com (DaveHatunen)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 14:31:30 GMT
In article <525hve$32a@pheidippides.axion.bt.co.uk>,
Tim Jebb  wrote:
>A question for all you petrol fiends (I think you colonials call it 
>gass-o-line or something like that :-))
>
>What happens when the oil runs out? It could happen sooner than you 
>think, particularly with all these newly industrialising countries, and 
>especially China.
The oil will not "run out". As it becomes scarcer its price will rise
until it becomes economically infeasible for uses such as personal
transportation. This will have the effect of also making most
manufactured products much more expensive, since so many use plastics
derived from petroleum.
Should the emerging nations use petroleum at the rate the current
developed countries do, the day of scarcity will definitely arrive
sooner.
-- 
    ********** DAVE HATUNEN (hatunen@netcom.com) **********
    *               Daly City California                  *
    *   Between San Francisco and South San Francisco     *
    *******************************************************
Return to Top
Subject: Re: RCRA
From: gibson7@primenet.com (C. W. Gibson)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 07:51:04 -0700
>How would one answer the question, "Where are the RCRA regulations found"?
>
RCRA (The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) is the Act that mandated
the development of hazardous waste regulations. Therefore, the regulations
in 40 CFR 260-281 were written to satisfy the requirements of the Act.
Regulations do not typically refer to the Act that caused there formation,
except perhaps in the preamble of the rules.
Chris W. Gibson
Technical Director
Hawkins Chemical, Inc.
Return to Top
Subject: Conventional Fusion FAQ Section 0/11 (Intro) Part 1/3 (Overview)
From: Robert F. Heeter
Date: 23 Sep 1996 14:50:26 GMT
Archive-name: fusion-faq/section0-intro/part1-overview
Last-modified: 26-Feb-1995
Posting-frequency: More-or-less-biweekly
Disclaimer:  While this section is still evolving, it should 
     be useful to many people, and I encourage you to distribute 
     it to anyone who might be interested (and willing to help!!!).
-----------------------------------------------------------------
### Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about Fusion Research
-----------------------------------------------------------------
# Written/Edited by:
     Robert F. Heeter
     
     Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
# Last Revised February 26, 1995
-----------------------------------------------------------------
*** A.  Welcome to the Conventional Fusion FAQ!  
-----------------------------------------------------------------
* 1) Contents
  This file is intended to indicate 
     (A) that the Conventional Fusion FAQ exists, 
     (B) what it discusses, 
     (C) how to find it on the Internet, and
     (D) the status of the Fusion FAQ project
* 2) What is the Conventional Fusion FAQ?
  The Conventional Fusion FAQ is a comprehensive, relatively
  nontechnical set of answers to many of the frequently asked
  questions about fusion science, fusion energy, and fusion
  research.  Additionally, there is a Glossary of Frequently
  Used Terms In Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy Research, which 
  explains much of the jargon of the field.  The Conventional 
  Fusion FAQ originated as an attempt to provide 
  answers to many of the typical, basic, or introductory questions 
  about fusion research, and to provide a listing of references and 
  other resources for those interested in learning more.  The
  Glossary section containing Frequently Used Terms (FUT) also
  seeks to facilitate communication regarding fusion by providing
  brief explanations of the language of the field.
* 3) Scope of the Conventional Fusion FAQ:
  Note that this FAQ discusses only the conventional forms of fusion
  (primarily magnetic confinement, but also inertial and 
  muon-catalyzed), and not new/unconventional forms ("cold fusion",
  sonoluminescence-induced fusion, or ball-lightning fusion).  I 
  have tried to make this FAQ as uncontroversial and comprehensive
  as possible, while still covering everything I felt was 
  important / standard fare on the sci.physics.fusion newsgroup.
* 4) How to Use the FAQ:
  This is a rather large FAQ, and to make it easier to find what
  you want, I have outlined each section (including which questions
  are answered) in Section 0, Part 2 (posted separately).  Hopefully it 
  will not be too hard to use.  Part (C) below describes how to find
  the other parts of the FAQ via FTP or the World-Wide Web.
* 5) Claims and Disclaimers:  
  This is an evolving document, not a completed work.  As such, 
  it may not be correct or up-to-date in all respects.  
  This document should not be distributed for profit, especially 
  without my permission.  Individual sections may have additional 
  restrictions.  In no case should my name, the revision date, 
  or this paragraph be removed.  
                                             - Robert F. Heeter
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*** B. Contents (Section Listing) of the Conventional Fusion FAQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*****************************************************************
                What This FAQ Discusses
*****************************************************************
(Each of these sections is posted periodically on sci.physics.fusion.
 Section 0.1 is posted biweekly, the other parts are posted quarterly.
 Each listed part is posted as a separate file.)
Section 0 - Introduction
     Part 1/3 - Title Page
                Table of Contents
                How to Find the FAQ
                Current Status of the FAQ project
     Part 2/3 - Detailed Outline with List of Questions
     Part 3/3 - Revision History
Section 1 - Fusion as a Physical Phenomenon
Section 2 - Fusion as an Energy Source
     Part 1/5 - Technical Characteristics
     Part 2/5 - Environmental Characteristics
     Part 3/5 - Safety Characteristics
     Part 4/5 - Economic Characteristics
     Part 5/5 - Fusion for Space-Based Power
Section 3 - Fusion as a Scientific Research Program
     Part 1/3 - Chronology of Events and Ideas
     Part 2/3 - Major Institutes and Policy Actors
     Part 3/3 - History of Achievements and Funding
Section 4 - Methods of Containment / Approaches to Fusion
     Part 1/2 - Toroidal Magnetic Confinement Approaches
     Part 2/2 - Other Approaches (ICF, muon-catalyzed, etc.)
Section 5 - Status of and Plans for Present Devices
Section 6 - Recent Results
Section 7 - Educational Opportunities
Section 8 - Internet Resources
Section 9 - Future Plans
Section 10 - Annotated Bibliography / Reading List
Section 11 - Citations and Acknowledgements
Glossary of Frequently Used Terms (FUT) in Plasma Physics & Fusion:
  Part 0/26 - Intro
  Part 1/26 - A
  Part 2/26 - B
  [ ... ]
  Part 26/26 - Z
---------------------------------------------------------------
*** C.  How to find the Conventional Fusion FAQ on the 'Net:
---------------------------------------------------------------
*****************************************************************
###  The FAQ about the FAQ:
###          How can I obtain a copy of a part of the Fusion FAQ?
*****************************************************************
* 0) Quick Methods (for Experienced Net Users)
   (A) World-Wide Web:  http://lyman.pppl.gov/~rfheeter/fusion-faq.html
   (B) FTP:  rtfm.mit.edu in /pub/usenet-by-group/sci.answers/fusion-faq
* 1) Obtaining the Fusion FAQ from Newsgroups
  Those of you reading this on news.answers, sci.answers, 
  sci.energy, sci.physics, or sci.environment will be able to 
  find the numerous sections of the full FAQ by reading 
  sci.physics.fusion periodically.  (Please note that not 
  all sections are completed yet.)  Because the FAQ is quite
  large, most sections are posted only every three months, to avoid
  unnecessary consumption of bandwidth.
  All sections of the FAQ which are ready for "official" 
  distribution are posted to sci.physics.fusion, sci.answers, 
  and news.answers, so you can get them from these groups by 
  waiting long enough. 
* 2) World-Wide-Web (Mosaic, Netscape, Lynx, etc.):
   Several Web versions now exist.
   The "official" one is currently at
     
   We hope to have a version on the actual PPPL Web server 
      () soon.
   There are other sites which have made "unofficial" Web versions 
   from the newsgroup postings.  I haven't hunted all of these down 
   yet, but I know a major one is at this address:
 
 Note that the "official" one will include a number of features
 which cannot be found on the "unofficial" ones created by
 automated software from the newsgroup postings.  In particular
 we hope to have links through the outline directly to questions,
 and between vocabulary words and their entries in the Glossary, 
 so that readers unfamiliar with the terminology can get help fast.
 (Special acknowledgements to John Wright at PPPL, who is handling
  much of the WWW development.)
* 3) FAQ Archives at FTP Sites (Anonymous FTP) - Intro
  All completed sections can also be obtained by anonymous FTP 
  from various FAQ archive sites, such as rtfm.mit.edu.  The
  address for this archive is:
    
  Please note that sections which are listed above as having
  multiple parts (such as the glossary, and section 2) are 
  stored in subdirectories, where each part has its own
  filename; e.g., /fusion-faq/glossary/part0-intro. 
  Please note also that there are other locations in the rtfm
  filespace where fusion FAQ files are stored, but the reference
  given above is the easiest to use.
  There are a large number of additional FAQ archive sites,
  many of which carry the fusion FAQ.  These are listed below.
* 4) Additional FAQ archives worldwide (partial list)
  There are other FAQ archive sites around the world
  which one can try if rtfm is busy; a list is appended
  at the bottom of this file.
* 5) Mail Server
   If you do not have direct access by WWW or FTP, the 
   rtfm.mit.edu site supports "ftp by mail": send a message 
   to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with the following 3 lines
   in it (cut-and-paste if you like): 
send usenet-by-group/sci.answers/fusion-faq/section0-intro/part1-overview
send usenet-by-group/sci.answers/fusion-faq/section0-intro/part2-outline
quit
   The mail server will send these two introductory 
   files to you.  You can then use the outline (part2)
   to determine which files you want.  You can receive
   any or all of the remaining files by sending another
   message with the same general format, if you substitute
   the file archive names you wish to receive, in place of the 
   part "fusion-faq/section0-intro/part1-overview", etc. used above.
* 6) Additional Note / Disclaimer: 
  Not all sections of the FAQ have been written
  yet, nor have they all been "officially" posted.
  Thus, you may not find what you're looking for right away.
  Sections which are still being drafted are only
  posted to sci.physics.fusion.  If there's a section 
  you can't find, send me email and I'll let you know 
  what's up with it. 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
*** D. Status of the Conventional Fusion FAQ Project
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* 1) Written FAQ Sections:
  Most sections have been at least drafted, but many sections are still
  being written.  Sections 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, and 9
  remain to be completed.
  Those sections which have been written could use revising and improving.
  I am trying to obtain more information, especially on devices and 
  confinement approaches; I'm also looking for more information on 
  international fusion research, especially in Japan & Russia.
   *** I'd love any help you might be able to provide!! ***
* 2) Building a Web Version
  A "primitive" version (which has all the posted data, but isn't
  especially aesthetic) exists now.  Would like to add graphics and 
  cross-references to the Glossary, between FAQ sections, and 
  to other internet resources (like laboratory Web pages).  
* 3) Nuts & Bolts - 
  I'm looking for ways to enhance the distribution of the FAQ, and
  to get additional volunteer help for maintenance and updates.
  We are in the process of switching to automated posting via the 
  rtfm.mit.edu faq posting daemon.
* 4) Status of the Glossary:
 # Contains roughly 1000 entries, including acronyms, math terms, jargon, etc.
 # Just finished incorporating terms from the "Glossary of Fusion Energy"
   published in 1985 by the Dept. of Energy's Office of Scientific and
   Technical Information.
 # Also working to improve technical quality of entries (more formal.)
 # World Wide Web version exists, hope to cross-reference to FAQ.
 # Hope to have the Glossary "officially" added to PPPL Web pages.
 # Hope to distribute to students, policymakers, journalists, 
   scientists, i.e., to anyone who needs a quick reference to figure out 
   what we're really trying to say, or to decipher all the "alphabet 
   soup."  Scientists need to remember that not everyone knows those 
   "trivial" words we use every day.  The glossary and FAQ should be 
   useful in preparing for talks to lay audiences.  Students will 
   also find it useful to be able to look up unfamiliar technical jargon.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
*** E. Appendix: List of Additional FAQ Archive Sites Worldwide 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
(The following information was excerpted from the "Introduction to 
the *.answers newsgroups" posting on news.answers, from Sept. 9, 1994.)
Other news.answers/FAQ archives (which carry some or all of the FAQs
in the rtfm.mit.edu archive), sorted by country, are:
[ Note that the connection type is on the left.  I can't vouch
for the fusion FAQ being on all of these, but it should be
on some. - Bob Heeter ]
Belgium
-------
  gopher                cc1.kuleuven.ac.be port 70
  anonymous FTP         cc1.kuleuven.ac.be:/anonymous.202
  mail-server           listserv@cc1.kuleuven.ac.be  get avail faqs
Canada
------
  gopher                jupiter.sun.csd.unb.ca port 70
Finland
-------
  anonymous ftp         ftp.funet.fi/pub/doc/rtfm
France
------
  anonymous FTP         grasp1.insa-lyon.fr:/pub/faq
                        grasp1.insa-lyon.fr:/pub/faq-by-newsgroup
  gopher                gopher.insa-lyon.fr, port 70
  mail server           listserver@grasp1.univ-lyon1.fr
Germany
-------
  anonymous ftp         ftp.Germany.EU.net:/pub/newsarchive/news.answers
                        ftp.informatik.uni-muenchen.de:/pub/comp/usenet/news.answers
                        ftp.uni-paderborn.de:/doc/FAQ
                        ftp.saar.de:/pub/usenet/news.answers (local access only)
  gopher                gopher.Germany.EU.net, port 70.
                        gopher.uni-paderborn.de
  mail server           archive-server@Germany.EU.net
                        ftp-mailer@informatik.tu-muenchen.de
                        ftp-mail@uni-paderborn.de
  World Wide Web        http://www.Germany.EU.net:80/
  FSP                   ftp.Germany.EU.net, port 2001
  gopher index          gopher://gopher.Germany.EU.net:70/1.archive
                        gopher://gopher.uni-paderborn.de:70/0/Service/FTP
Korea
-----
  anonymous ftp         hwarang.postech.ac.kr:/pub/usenet/news.answers
Mexico
------
  anonymous ftp         mtecv2.mty.itesm.mx:/pub/usenet/news.answers
The Netherlands
---------------
  anonymous ftp         ftp.cs.ruu.nl:/pub/NEWS.ANSWERS
  gopher                gopher.win.tue.nl, port 70
  mail server           mail-server@cs.ruu.nl
Sweden
------
  anonymous ftp         ftp.sunet.se:/pub/usenet
Switzerland
-----------
  anonymous ftp         ftp.switch.ch:/info_service/usenet/periodic-postings
  anonymous UUCP        chx400:ftp/info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings
  mail server           archiver-server@nic.switch.ch
  telnet                nic.switch.ch, log in as "info"
Taiwan
------
  anonymous ftp         ftp.edu.tw:/USENET/FAQ
  mail server           ftpmail@ftp.edu.tw
United Kingdon
--------------
  anonymous ftp         src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/usenet/news-faqs/
  FSP                   src.doc.ic.ac.uk port 21
  gopher                src.doc.ic.ac.uk port 70.
  mail server           ftpmail@doc.ic.ac.uk
  telnet                src.doc.ic.ac.uk login as sources
  World Wide Web        http://src.doc.ic.ac.uk/usenet/news-faqs/
United States
-------------
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Subject: Re: Freon R12 is Safe
From: jbh@ILP.Physik.Uni-Essen.DE (Joshua B. Halpern)
Date: 23 Sep 1996 14:32:16 GMT
Dodge Boy (DodgeBoy@howellautomiotive.com) wrote:
: Bruce Hamilton wrote:
Snip...
: >  
: >If this is site is maintained by the an environment group than it will 
: most likely slanted toward their point of view, and a site by the pro 
: Freon people will be slanted toward their view.  
It#s maintained by a theoretical physical chemist.  That#s no help
at all to your argument (sorry Robert)
The truth will lie    
: somewhere in the middle, between what both group have to say. So "Smart 
: People" will base their opinion off more than one sorce of information, 
: not one.
This is a dangerous fallacy, held to be true by many, that the
truth always lies in the middle.  One of the problems is that
it encourages those on either side of an argument to move as
far toward the outrageous as possible, since this drags the
middle their way. PLEASE NOTE BEFORE YOU FLAME:  THIS CUTS 
BOTH WAYS
: 
: And the Volcanic eruptions do release ozone damaging chlorine radicals 
: in large quanities.
Irrelevant. What#s important is not how much organic and/or inorganic
chlorides are released at the surface, but how much gets up to the
stratosphere.  CFCs pretty much all make it, HCl released in volcanoes
(and from other sources) don#t make it almost at all .    
: 
: Dodge Boy
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Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England)
From: brshears@whale.st.usm.edu (Harold Brashears)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 15:23:17 GMT
Nick Eyre  wrote for all to see:
[deleted]
>>
>>You are welcome.  What journal?
>
>Energy Policy.
I will repeat the rest of the question: If you know what a peer review
consists of, in what way is this government funded report similar?
Regards, Harold
----
"Sen. Dole's entire life has been devoted to public service; from 
his brave service in World War II, to his service in the Kansas 
state legislature, the U.S. House and for the past 27 years our 
U.S. Senate. He has devoted his life to serving the people of 
Kansas and our country." 
     -- Maryland Sen. Barbara Mikulski (Congressional Record,
 6/11/96)  
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Subject: Re: Safety or Sanity (was the Rusland Beeches, England)
From: brshears@whale.st.usm.edu (Harold Brashears)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 15:33:42 GMT
Nick Eyre  wrote for all to see:
>In article <3245b25d.7913087@nntp.st.usm.edu>, Harold Brashears
> writes
>
>>Since the government supports many more of these researchers, why do
>>you single out business.  I would think you would be inclined to say
>>"that is why government is so powerful", since most of this research
>>is supported by the government.
>
>You seem to think Government is immune from all business influence.
>This is implausible, certainly in both your country and mine.
I am sorry if I gave that impression, I cannot imagine how.  I was
commenting on the relative power of government and business.  In the
US, government spends a Billion dollars every six hours, 24 hours a
day and 6 days a week.  If that is not power superior to any
corporation, I would have difficulty definig it.  
As for the UK, I was recently readin a biography of a UK government
official, and was so struck by one comment I remember it til this day.
The comment, from one high official to another was, "There is no way
we can do this unless we raise the price of prescription drugs by 5%".
Now that is power!  One group of officials, sitting in an office, and
deciding how much the whole country will pay for their prescriptions!
Irrespective of the manufacturer, the demand, any substitutes, and the
consumer, no way!  I don't care if your drugs are cheaper, that is
still raw power.
>>The IPPC report is simply the last in a series of reports, each has
>>generally had a smaller and smaller prediction of temperature
>>increases.  I see no reason to believe that has stopped.  
>
>I have already pointed out that this is a bad argument for continuing to
>pollute.  IPCC estimates of climate sensitivity are unchanged.  
From what?  There are several.  If you stated which, I am sorry, I
missed it.
>It is
>scenarios for emissions which have been reduced, but this is because
>more people are recognising the case for reducing emissions, not because
>the science has changed.  Of course there is less risk if emissions are
>reduced - that is precisely the case for doing it.
>
>>The IPPC
>>report says 0.5 to 3 C in 100 years.  To me, this does not constitute
>>an emergency.
>
>No, but it might seem different if you lived in Bangladesh.
But I do not, nor do you.  I don't live in Holland either.  If you are
assuming that 0.5 C will cause an increase in the level of the sea,
sufficient to drown Bangladesh, I have not seen how that conclusion
was arrived at.  Was it in the IPPC report?
Regards, Harold
------
"By September 1979, all important life in the sea was extinct. 
Large areas of coastline had to be evacuated...  A pretty grim 
scenario. Unfortunately were a long way into it already...based 
on projections of trends already appearing..."
   - Paul Ehrilich, Environmental Handbook, 1970, pp 174
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Subject: Re: electric vehicles
From: brshears@whale.st.usm.edu (Harold Brashears)
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 15:16:17 GMT
tjebb@srd.bt.co.uk (Tim Jebb) wrote for all to see:
>A question for all you petrol fiends (I think you colonials call it 
>gass-o-line or something like that :-))
>
>What happens when the oil runs out? It could happen sooner than you 
>think, particularly with all these newly industrialising countries, and 
>especially China.
>
You are about the 5 millionth person to say that, starting about 100
years ago.  SInce that time known world reserves of oil have increased
each year, by the way.
But the answer to your question is simple, almost as simple as the
questioner.  When the scracity reaches a point which affects the
price, efforts to change to other fuels will increase.
Regards, Harold
-----
"It is the interest of the commercial world that wealth should be found 
everywhere."
	---Edmund Burke, 23 April 1778, Letterto Samuel Span, Esq. 
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Subject: Re: Major problem with climate predictions
From: G Thurman
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 10:16:17 -0700
Hugh Easton wrote:
> If they are so wrong about something as fundamental
> as that, their predictions for future climate are hardly likely to be
> accurate!
> 
> --
> Hugh Easton                             
Refer to one of the last print issues of OMNI Magazine (now totally electronic) that purported to show 
the 'ban' on freon coincideted with the expiration of the patents.
Only 3 companies are approved for replacements. Does this sound like the 1920's and 30's?
-- 
Ignorance is not knowing, knowing you don't know, and caring.
Ignorance can be cured.
Stupidity is not knowing, not knowing you don't know, and not caring.
Only death cures stupidity.
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Subject: Safety or Sanity (was the Rushmore Beeches)
From: Martin Taylor
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 17:56:48 -0700
Some time ago, in response to a posting on this issue, some kind person 
gave a reference to a paper outside the web which detailed Cause of Death 
versus Expenditure on Avoiding Death from that Cause.  Unhappily, I have 
lost that reference and would be most grateful if I could be re-advised.
Any other similar references would be appreciated.
Thank you.
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Subject: Re: Mountain Bikers Arrested in Grand Canyon
From: Chernobyl Cowboyz
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 1996 08:42:29 -0700
A law prohibiting a gun-owner from
> carrying his weapon into a public building is not discriminating
> against the person - only his gun. He is still a gun-owner, but he
> must leave his gun in the car if he wants to walk into the bank.
Is that what the sport guns are designed for?  No, they are designed for
shooting outside.  Now if all shooting outdoors would be forbidden then
there would not be any 
reason to own a gun. 
It's the same with the bikers.  There's no reason to own a $1000
mountain bike unless 
you are going to use it out in the terrain.  True, you can still bike on
the streets, 
but that's not the reason why it was bought for. 
Ponies and horses *definitely* cause more erosion than bikes do.  That's
just insanity. 
I used to work in an European bird banding station and we used to zip
that mile long 
peninsula just fine with our mountain bikes to collect the birds from
the nets.  That
was until they came up with this stupid erosion.  Birds now are freezing
longer in the nets.
-- 
                        CHERNOBYL  COWBOYZ
  In 1986 the first mass-solarium was invented in Chernobyl, the
Ukraine.
      Spin the web-counter for me so I don't need to do it, 
          http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/3573
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Byron Palmer