Newsgroup sci.geo.geology 38201

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On Fri, 24 Jan 1997 13:26:19 +1000,
paul_d@postoffice.sandybay.utas.edu.au (Paul Davidson) wrote:
> In this part of the world all of the examples I can find are
>welded Ignimbrites (mainly New Zealand and a few in Australia),
I sincerely doubt that welded tuffs are plentiful and unwelded ones
are completely absent.  You should go on a field trip with someone who
knows what they look like.
>      Just in passing I would be interested to find out if anyone else
>thinks that welded and non-welded Ignimbrites are sufficiently different
>in details of emplacement, mineralogy, and composition, to warrant
>terminology a little more compact than "welded Ignimbrites" or "non-welded
>Ignimbrites".
Considering that the only distinction is textural, no, I don't think a
special distinction is worthwhile.  In some places it's possible to
walk up section and watch a transition from welded to unwelded
ignimbrite in the same cooling unit.  The welded and unwelded
ignimbrite are the SAME ROCK.  The only difference was that the lower
part of the section was compressed under the weight of the upper part.
     Chuck Karish          karish@mindcraft.com
     Mindcraft, Inc.       415 323 9000 x117

On 24 Jan 1997 07:22:02 GMT, usafnavgtr@aol.com (USAFNAVGTR) wrote:
>I am looking for any information available on the Great Valley (namely
>area surrounding Fresno)--This is for a research paper due near the end of
>the semester,  April 1.  Information including sedimentology and
>stratigraphy would be most helpful; although all would be helpful.  Please
>reply soon as time is of great concern.  I will pay for good information
>if necessary.
Start with Ray Ingersoll's Stanford PhD thesis and the papers that
came out of it.  If you have a library that can support a research
project they should be easy to find.
     Chuck Karish          karish@mindcraft.com
     Mindcraft, Inc.       415 323 9000 x117

I am looking for any information available on the Great Valley (namely
area surrounding Fresno)--This is for a research paper due near the end of
the semester,  April 1.  Information including sedimentology and
stratigraphy would be most helpful; although all would be helpful.  Please
reply soon as time is of great concern.  I will pay for good information
if necessary.
David Atkinson
usafnavgtr@aol.com
or
daa@geology.byu.edu

What if....in say Chaos, Tims Dew Hypothesis works because nature is
complex in its chaos. For instance...
Water is a great conductor of electricity. We have a wide spectrum of
frequencies to deal with. We have freqs between various belts in
atmosphere interacting with freqs coming from earth. If say in some
perhaps true Gaian mechanic, using Darwin Selective as an analogy, a
pattern of freqs act in concert conducted by water, with dew being one
part of the model and any other number of factors (rain...fog...etc) being
combined in a weblike fashion, which would appear to even one with most
technical receivers to be random, but deciphered by various rock to be the
very pattern it needs to cause stress/movement/fracture or whatever
mechanic it seeks in its own undiscovered code?
  There is a fine line between science and madness. Look at some
theoretical physics researchers. On the conservative side one has Bill
Wattenburg on ond the radical side we have Jack Sarfatti. Jacks ideas
borderline in nonsense, yet Jack has one of the most brilliant minds in
physics (an argueable point I am sure), yet if we stick strictly to Bills
ideas then we go slower than snails...Hubris can be blinding, 'specially
when a prof who is tenured, still owes student loans:->
  When looking at Tims ideas from an objective (scientifically) point, it
is a very interesting concept-- and I applaud Dennis for being so
tenacious in Tims defense. After all, it is the radical idea that captures
the imagination of the true educator!
Bob
--
Rev. Robert Shannon Sr. Hon. DD Theology
Pinpoint Newsletter
"The web existed before spiders. The web existed before the net...
 We are all a part of the web and whatever we do to part - we
 do to the whole"
------------------------------------------------------------------

I am a geography teacher and am looking for information on the latest 
Merapi volcano eruption last week (mid January). Pictures 
sites and data would be appreciated.
David Brian

Just a general question to anyone who may be able to help.
I am an English teacher in Japan, and in one of my conversation
classes, I certain issue came up which we could net resolve and which
I am very interested in finding out for the sake of interest.
The north of Australia is 3 times as far away from the Equator as the
north of Japan, and yet winter in the north of Australia is warm
enough to swim and yet winter in the north of Japan brings snow so
thick that roads are blocked off.  Does anyone know why this is so.
Sorry if this seems like a silly question, but it is something that I
just can't work out, considering the fact that the equator is the
closest part of the earth to the sun it seems common sense that the
north of Australia would be much further away from the sun and
therefore much colder.  My only guess is that it is weather brought
across from Siberia, but then Siberia is the same distance from the
Equator as Australia, so why is Siberia colder than Australia, South
America or Africa in the first place.
Thankyou.
Jason Morris.
tops@gol.com

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Journal of the Geological Society, Volume 154 No. 2 March 1997
Specials 
CHARLTON, T. R.,  Backthrusting on the BIRPS deep seismic reflection
profiles, Banda Arc, Indonesia, a response to changing slab inclination?
169
Papers 
CRONIN, B. T., IVANOV, M. K., LIMONOV, A. F., EGOROV, A., AKHAMANOV, G.
G., AKHMETJANOV, A. M., KOZLOVA, E. & SHIPBOARD SCIENTIFIC PARTY TRR-5.
New discoveries of mud volcanoes on the Eastern Mediterranean Ridge 173
LEE, M. R. & PARSONS, I. Compositional and microtextural zoning in
alkali feldspars from the Shap granite and its geochemical implications
183
WILLIAMS, E. A., SERGEEV, S.  A., STÖSSEL, I.  & FORD, M. An Eifelian
U–Pb zircon date for the Enagh Tuff Bed from the Old Red Sandstone of
the Munster Basin in NW Iveragh, SW Ireland     189
FRODSHAM. K. & GAYER, R. A. Variscan compressional structures within the
main productive coal-bearing strata of South Wales      195
BUTLER, A. J., WOODCOCK, N. H. & STEWART, D. M. The Woolhope and Usk
Basins: Silurian rift basins revealed by subsurface mapping of the
southern Welsh Borderland       209
PEACE, G. R. & BESLY, B. M. End-Carboniferous fold–thrust structures,
Oxfordshire, UK: implications for the structural evolution of the late
Variscan foreland of south-central England      225
JASPEN, P. Regional  Neogene exhumation of Britain and the western North
Sea     239
AUSTIN, W. E. N. & SCOURSE, J. D. Evolution of seasonal stratification
in the Celtic Sea during the Holocene   249
DINGLE, R. V., McARTHUR, J.  M. & VROON, P. Oligocene and Pliocene
interglacial events in the Antarctic Peninsula dated using strontium
isotope stratigraphy    257
MacLEOD, N.,  RAWSON, P. F.,  FOREY, P. L., BANNER,  F. T., BOUDAGHER-
FADEL, M. K., BOWN, P. R., BURNETT, J. A., CHAMBERS, P., CULVER, S.,
EVANS, S. E.,    JEFFERY, C., KAMINSKI, M. A., LORD, A. R., MILNER, A.
C., MILNER, A. R., MORRIS, N., OWEN, E., ROSEN, B. R., SMITH, A. B.,
TAYLOR, P. D., URQUHART, E. & YOUNG, J. R.  The Cretaceous–Tertiary
biotic transition       265
Thematic set: Isotopic Studies in Palaeontology 
HUDSON,  J. D.  & MARSHALL, J. D. Introduction: Isotopic studies in
palaeontology   293
PEARSON, P. N., SHACKLETON, N. J. & HALL, M. A. Stable isotopic evidence
for the sympatric divergence of Globigerinoides trilobus and Orbulina
universa  (planktonic foraminifera)     295
BEERLING, D. J. Interpreting environmental and biological signals from
the stable carbon isotope composition of fossilized organic and
inorganic carbon        303
HOLMES, J. A., STREET-PERROTT, F. A., ALLEN, M. J., FOTHERGILL, P. A.,
HARKNESS, D.     D.,  KROON, , D. & PERROTT, R. A. Holocene
palaeolimnology of Kajemarum Oasis, Northern Nigeria: an isotopic study
of ostracodes, bulk carbonate and organic carbon        311
HENDRY, J. P. & KALIN, R. M. Are oxygen and carbon isotopes of mollusc
shells reliable palaeosalinity indicators in marginal marine
environments?  A case study from the Middle Jurassic of England 321
BRENCHLEY, P. J., MARSHALL, J. D., HINTS, L. & NÕLVAK, J.  New isotopic
data solving an old biostatigraphic problem: the age of the upper
Ordovician brachiopod Holorhynchus giganteus    335
RAISWELL, R. A geochemical framework for the application of stable
sulphur isotopes to fossil pyritization 343
Discussions
EVANS, J. A.  & SOPER, N. J. Discussion on metamorphism and cooling of
the NE Dalradian  and  U–Pb and Rb–Sr geochronology of magmatism and
metamorphism in the Dalradian of Connemara, Western Ireland; reply by
DEMPSTER, T. J., HUDSON,  N. F. C. & ROGERS, G.         357
 GONZÁLEZ, A., ARENAS, C. & PARDO, G.  Discussion on syntectonic burial
and post-tectonic exhumation of the southern Pyrenees foreland
fold–thrust belt; reply by MUÑOZ,  J. A., CONEY, P. J., McCLAY,  K. R. &
EVENCHICK ,  C. A.      361
JAMES, D. M. D. Discussion on a model for the structure and development
of fault zones;  reply by  CHILDS, C., WATTERSON, J.  & WALSH, J. J. 366
KIM S. B., CHUN, S. S. & CHOUGH, S. K. Discussion on structural
development and stratigraphy of the Kyokpo Pull-Apart Basin, South Korea
and tectonic implications for inverted extensional basins;  reply by
LAMBIASE, J. J.         369
MADDOCK, R. H., ASPINALL, W. P., HAILWOOD, E. A., TING FUNG & RUTTER, E.
H. Discussion on Palaeogene dyke swarm, NW Wales: evidence for Cenozoic
sinistral fault movement; reply by BEVINS, R. E., HORÁK, J. M., EVANS,
A. D. & MORGAN, R.      373
STEWART A. D. Discussion on indications of glaciation at the base of the
Proterozoic Stoer Group (Torridonian), NW Scotland      375
-- 
Mike Collins
Publications Manager for The Geological Society
Please visit us on http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/

NOTE: 5 or more maps will follow this post.
If you don't want to read them all the subjects include
the phrase "USGS Quake Map" for your killing convenience.
DISCLAIMER -- THIS IS NOT AN EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION OR WARNING!
  The commentary provided with these map(s) is for INFORMATIONAL
USE ONLY, and SHOULD NOT be construed as an earthquake prediction,
warning, or advisory.  Responsibility for such warnings rests with
the Office of Emergency Services of the State of California.
PLEASE REMEMBER -- THESE ARE PRELIMINARY DATA
  Releasing these summaries on a timely basis requires that the
data, analysis, and interpretations presented are PRELIMINARY. Of
necessity they can only reflect the views of the seismologists who
prepared them, and DO NOT carry the endorsement of the U.S.G.S.
Thus while every effort is made to ensure that the information is
accurate, nothing contained in this report is to be construed as
and earthquake prediction, warning, advisory, or official policy
statement of any kind, of the U.S. Geological Survey, or the
U.S. Government.
FOR QUESTIONS CONCERNING THIS REPORT
  Send e-mail to michael@andreas.wr.usgs.gov
  DO NOT SEND EMAIL TO weekly@garlock.wr.usgs.gov  It will not be read.
Seismicity Report for Northern California,
the Nation, and the World for the week of
January 16 - 22, 1997
 Stephen R. Walter
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Rd.  MS-977, Menlo Park, CA  94025
San Francisco Bay Area        
  Activity remained light last week.  During the seven-day period ending
at midnight on Wednesday, January 22, 1997 the U.S. Geological Survey
office in Menlo Park recorded 15 earthquakes of magnitude one (M1) and
greater within the San Francisco Bay area shown in Figure 1.  Three were
as large as M2.  This total compares to 18 earthquakes during the prior
seven-day period (January 9 - 15, only one of which was as large as M2.
  The week began with a M1.9 on the central Concord fault early last
Thursday morning (#1/1).  The following morning a pair of M1's occurred on
the San Gregorio fault about eleven miles west of Santa Cruz (#2/1).  The
lone earthquake of note on the San Andreas was a M2.0 early Saturday
morning that was located about six miles northwest of San Juan Bautista
(#3/1).  Activity was similar on the Calaveras with a single M2 earthquake
on Sunday morning east of San Jose (#4/1).  Finally, a M2.0 occurred
Monday afternoon near the Quien Sabe fault about eleven miles southeast of
Hollister (#5/1). 
Northern & Central California
   Cape Mendocino was the most active area in the western U.S. during the
past week.  A M5.6 occurred Tuesday night along the Mendocino fracture
zone about seven miles west of Petrolia (#8/2).  Additional aftershocks
occurred along the fracture zone, the largest a M4.3 about 43 minutes
after the mainshock.  In addition a M4.3 occurred in the central Gorda
Plate early the next morning (#9/2).  The is the most active the region
has been since last August when M4 events occurred both along the fracture
zone and in the Gorda Plate.  The last earthquake as large as M5 was a
M6.6 in February 1995.  It occurred about 80 miles offshore but was felt
as mar away as San Francisco.  Activity onshore in the Cape Mendocino area
was limited to a 30-km-deep subduction event whose epicenter was located
about 15 miles south of Hayfork. Activity in the Coast Range to the south
was limited to a M3.1 in the Lake Pillsbury area about 20 miles northeast
of Willits.
   Central California remained relatively quiet.  A half dozen M2 events
occurred along the creeping segment of the San Andreas, the largest a 2.3
that was located about ten miles northwest of the Pinnacles National
Monument.  In addition, a M2.0 occurred five miles north of Avenal and a
M2.2 occurred about nine miles northeast of San Simeon.
  The eastern Sierra Nevada experienced a small cluster of earthquakes
nine miles southwest of Bishop, the first and largest a M3.1 just after
noon last Thursday (#3/2).  To the north a M3.0 event occurred east of
Markleeville (#6/2).  Two events occurred near Truckee, the first a M2.8
about 20 miles to the north (#4/2), the second a M2.5 just one mile to the
northwest of the town (#7/2).  
Long Valley Caldera
   There were no earthquakes as large as M1.5 in the caldera and none as
large as M2 in the Sierra Nevada terrane south of the caldera.
USA Seismicity (January 12 - 23)
   The National Earthquake Information Center reported a small cluster of
earthquakes in central Colorado on Saturday that were felt by residents in
the Woodland Park area (#5/4).  Other domestic quakes of note included a
M3.5 along the Blanco fracture zone west of the central Oregon coast
(#4/4), a M3.6 in the Coso region of southeastern California (#1/4), and a
pair of M3's in southern California that were felt in the Escondido area
(#3/4).  Other earthquakes of note include a M3.5 in southern British
Columbia that was felt in the towns of Kelowna, Princeton, and Penticton
(#2/4). 
The Planet Earth  (January 12 - 23)
   The hot spot on the planet during the past week was the eastern
Mediterranean.  On January 13 a M5.4 in the Cyprus region was felt
strongly at Limassol and Paphos and less strongly in Israel, Lebanon, and
Egypt (#1/5).  A M5.3 followed in southern Italy (#3/5) and a trio of M5's
near the coast of southern Turkey that were felt in southern Turkey,
Syria, and into Lebanon (#5/5).  The largest earthquake on the planet
during this period was a M6.4 in Andes along the Bolivia-Argentina border
(#6/5).   Slightly smaller was a M6.1 in the Flores region of southern
Indonesia (#2/5).  Though lacking in the size of most of the previous
earthquakes, by far the most damaging was a M5.3 in southern Xinjiang,
China that killed at least 12 people, injured 38, and caused extensive
damage in Jiashi County, Xinjiang (#4/5).
Table 1. Northern & Central California Seismicity (M>1.0)
--ORIGIN TIME (UT)-- -LAT N-- --LON W-- DEPTH  N N RMS ERH ERZ       DUR
YR MON DA HRMN  SEC  DEG MIN  DEG  MIN    KM  RD S SEC  KM  KM REMKS MAG
97 JAN 16  804 19.08 38 48.08 122 48.03  1.64  8   .03  .3  .4 GEY   1.4
97 JAN 16  840  0.51 36 31.92 120 50.99  6.41 27 2 .17  .3 2.3 CRV## 1.8
97 JAN 16  847 52.49 36 31.82 120 52.01  7.42 11 1 .06  .4 4.2 CRV   1.1
97 JAN 16  854 25.63 37 21.09 118 41.17  5.00 11 1 .08 1.9 9.5 KAI - 1.6
97 JAN 16  925  7.14 40 20.46 123 13.90 29.88 10   .07  .6  .9 KLA   2.2
97 JAN 16  956 52.43 36 32.31 120 52.10  6.00 17 1 .18  .5 7.1 CRV # 1.1
97 JAN 16  957 25.74 36 31.85 120 51.49  7.00 20   .19  .5 3.9 CRV## 1.5
97 JAN 16 1007  6.30 37 59.76 122  2.72 20.44 25   .11  .3  .4 CON   1.9
97 JAN 16 1156 55.11 36 23.86 120 55.89  4.77 32   .09  .2  .7 BIT   2.2
97 JAN 16 1202 15.89 37 20.05 118 41.33  5.02 10   .07 1.210.0 KAI - 1.6
97 JAN 16 1359  5.14 37 33.95 121 56.76  4.68  9 1 .03  .3  .6 HAY   1.0
97 JAN 16 1418 29.05 37 20.47 118 41.51  4.85 12 1 .08  .4 9.2 KAI - 1.7
97 JAN 16 1440  5.12 38 47.00 122 45.69  2.08 15   .04  .2  .5 GEY   1.5
97 JAN 16 1529 32.84 38 46.27 122 43.90  1.25 27   .07  .1  .4 GEY   2.0
97 JAN 16 1602 49.71 40 23.33 124 56.02 23.16 26   .24 4.321.5 MEN - 3.4
97 JAN 16 1649 39.07 36 31.16 121  6.13 10.37 44 1 .05  .1  .3 PIN   2.1
97 JAN 16 1758  1.44 36 23.51 120 56.03  5.86 16 1 .07  .2 1.0 BIT   1.5
97 JAN 16 2008 39.53 36 11.74 120 45.69  8.13 20   .09  .4  .4 BIT   1.9
97 JAN 16 2046 39.75 37 19.27 118 32.48 15.33 25   .12  .4 1.4 KAI   3.1
97 JAN 16 2047 14.68 37 18.49 118 34.15 16.71  9   .05 1.0  .7 KAI   1.2
97 JAN 16 2050 59.62 37 19.53 118 32.03 14.69 22   .07  .4  .9 KAI   2.4
97 JAN 16 2051 34.80 37 19.13 118 33.71  6.50 12   .12  .611.2 KAI - 1.4
97 JAN 16 2101  0.23 37 19.36 118 32.64 14.84 21   .13  .6  .9 KAI   2.3
97 JAN 16 2102 22.48 37 20.74 118 32.89 13.42 12   .05  .4  .7 KAI   2.0
97 JAN 16 2106 26.85 37 19.51 118 32.61 14.41 19   .14  .5  .9 KAI   2.0
97 JAN 16 2204 48.21 38 45.88 122 41.52  2.15 13   .03  .2  .6 GEY   1.5
97 JAN 16 2352 21.63 38 49.55 122 47.75  3.72  7   .02  .4  .7 GEY   1.2
97 JAN 17  147  1.77 35 55.90 120 28.65  4.71  8 1 .02  .6  .6 MID   1.3
97 JAN 17  518 40.58 37 25.59 121 46.40  8.01 40 2 .06  .2  .4 ALU   1.6
97 JAN 17  552  6.65 39 36.85 120  6.49  0.63 29   .23 1.1 3.4 WAK # 2.8
97 JAN 17  658  8.58 36 28.25 121  2.76  5.61 36   .04  .1  .3 BIT   2.1
97 JAN 17  743  2.47 35 56.59 120 29.26 13.62 14 1 .03  .8  .7 MID   1.2
97 JAN 17 1028  6.55 39 22.79 123 17.34  0.09 17 2 .21  .4 2.8 MAA # 1.3
97 JAN 17 1220 49.52 35 32.45 118 25.53  7.74 10   .04  .3 1.9 WWF   1.5
97 JAN 17 1327 56.44 36 59.03 122 13.01  8.92 33   .07  .5  .5 MON   1.9
97 JAN 17 1329  0.23 36 58.82 122 13.31  7.26 24   .06  .9  .6 MON   1.5
97 JAN 17 1910 20.25 38 49.36 122 48.06  3.81  7   .01  .4  .6 GEY   1.2
97 JAN 17 2025 47.57 37  7.37 118  6.46  0.20 18   .18 3.0 7.7 DEV   2.5
97 JAN 17 2032 55.94 35 38.51 118 24.92  6.56  9   .03  .4 1.4 WWF   1.9
97 JAN 18    7 33.33 36 39.10 121 14.04  7.34 25 1 .06  .2  .6 STN   1.6
97 JAN 18  153  6.48 37 37.65 118 52.34  8.16  7   .02  .8 1.5 SMO   1.2
97 JAN 18 1122 52.00 36 53.38 121 37.92  9.10 63   .12  .2  .3 SJB   2.0
97 JAN 18 1128 13.62 36 33.11 121  7.36  5.02 39 1 .06  .1  .4 PIN   2.1
97 JAN 18 1144 58.40 37 20.58 118 41.07 15.00 18 1 .07  .6 1.1 KAI   1.7
97 JAN 18 1238 17.47 36 33.05 121  7.34  5.23 18 2 .03  .2  .7 PIN   1.2
--ORIGIN TIME (UT)-- -LAT N-- --LON W-- DEPTH  N N RMS ERH ERZ       DUR
YR MON DA HRMN  SEC  DEG MIN  DEG  MIN    KM  RD S SEC  KM  KM REMKS MAG
97 JAN 18 1413  0.15 36 33.00 121  7.59  5.70 10 1 .04  .3 1.1 PIN   1.0
97 JAN 18 1516 22.02 39 13.22 123  8.61  3.53  7   .04  .6 6.6 MAA - 1.3
97 JAN 18 1533 26.87 37 22.71 118 48.05  9.78 20 1 .09  .6 2.2 KAI   1.9
97 JAN 18 1647 14.85 38 38.59 119 32.74  2.10 16   .06 1.0 7.0 WAK - 2.5
97 JAN 18 1854 52.43 38 49.66 122 48.23  3.73  8   .03  .3  .9 GEY   1.0
97 JAN 18 2229 57.07 39 15.52 123  4.18  8.41 11   .03  .4 1.5 MAA   1.6
97 JAN 19  330 45.57 36 48.95 121 12.23  6.61 37   .06  .2  .7 PAN   1.8
97 JAN 19  332 46.54 37 20.79 118 32.56 12.44 23 1 .06  .6  .9 KAI   2.5
97 JAN 19  415  4.22 38 49.45 122 46.56  2.73  9   .04  .3  .7 GEY   1.6
97 JAN 19  625 50.44 36 42.71 121 21.25  3.93  8   .02  .4  .8 STN   1.1
97 JAN 19  926 17.01 39 21.43 122 53.24  7.93  9   .03  .3 2.2 BAR   1.6
97 JAN 19 1038 51.74 37 34.38 118 51.47  7.61 11   .05  .7 1.3 MOR   1.3
97 JAN 19 1056  3.92 39 20.37 120 11.67 12.92 15 1 .14 2.6 3.3 WAK   2.5
97 JAN 19 1109  0.40 37 37.02 118 52.25  7.57 12 2 .05  .4  .5 SMO   1.1
97 JAN 19 1211  0.75 37 28.44 118 46.42 17.25 22 1 .12  .4 1.0 WCN#  1.8
97 JAN 19 1605 44.92 37 21.11 121 43.02  8.07 74 4 .06  .1  .3 ALU   2.4
97 JAN 19 2036  2.38 36 28.14 121  2.71  5.95 11   .02  .5  .7 BIT    .9
97 JAN 19 2041  4.32 36  0.34 120 33.46  5.70  9 2 .02  .5 1.1 SLA   1.3
97 JAN 20   50  0.19 37 44.42 121 55.98  9.99 14 1 .05  .3 1.3 DAN   1.2
97 JAN 20  335 57.54 37 37.96 118 57.93  8.10  9   .01  .6 1.4 SMO   1.1
97 JAN 20  340 53.79 39 14.70 122 45.54  2.90 20   .07  .2 2.0 BAR   2.0
97 JAN 20  616 20.35 39 39.03 119 35.05 27.35 15   .24 2.621.5 NEV - 3.0
97 JAN 20  814 12.32 37 38.60 118 56.01  6.24  7   .01  .6 1.5 SMO   1.1
97 JAN 20  833 40.75 37  8.91 121  9.25  4.42 14 1 .06  .6 2.0 ORT   1.4
97 JAN 20  843 56.92 38 49.62 122 47.74  4.14 21 1 .04  .2  .5 GEY   1.8
97 JAN 20 1038 20.01 38 46.93 122 45.79  2.39 17   .03  .2  .5 GEY   1.6
97 JAN 20 1359 29.67 37 26.30 121 47.45  7.19 10 2 .02  .3  .5 ALU   1.1
97 JAN 20 1555 38.90 36  4.25 120  8.38  5.48 18   .06  .6  .6 COA   2.0
97 JAN 20 2321 59.40 36 49.00 121 12.18  6.66 44 1 .07  .1  .7 PAN   2.0
97 JAN 21  135 31.99 38 40.05 119 31.49  0.32 27   .09  .7 1.8 WAK   3.0
97 JAN 21  734 28.29 39 21.22 122 53.24  0.23  8   .05  .3 8.3 BAR - 1.5
97 JAN 21 1007 27.38 38 49.19 122 47.67  3.63  8   .03  .3  .6 GEY   1.0
97 JAN 21 1215 17.00 39 39.20 122  3.32 13.65  7   .44 9.510.0 SAC # 1.8
97 JAN 21 1226 23.02 35 41.08 121  2.00  2.95 31 1 .05  .1  .5 SSM   2.2
97 JAN 21 1416 16.67 36 38.74 121 15.41  4.97 40 1 .07  .1  .4 STN   2.3
97 JAN 21 1527 16.32 37 31.68 121 49.19  8.68 29 2 .05  .2  .4 SUN   1.5
97 JAN 21 1615 58.30 38 47.53 122 45.38  2.19 14   .03  .2  .5 GEY   1.5
97 JAN 21 1620  4.45 36 38.64 121 15.56  4.85 18   .06  .3  .8 STN   2.0
97 JAN 21 1731 11.68 39 28.24 122 59.25  8.41 31   .14  .3  .9 BAR   3.1
97 JAN 21 1746 51.80 39 28.25 122 59.45  7.93  9   .03  .9 1.0 BAR   1.4
97 JAN 21 1803 14.62 37 29.84 118 49.95  6.92  7   .03 2.6 5.3 MOR   1.2
97 JAN 21 2247 42.68 38 49.26 122 48.08  3.65  7   .03  .4  .7 GEY   1.2
97 JAN 21 2343 41.45 39 20.88 122 53.84  6.99 12   .02  .3 2.2 BAR   1.7
97 JAN 22   12  1.33 37 27.63 118 50.54  3.87  9 3 .05 1.5 2.9 MOR   1.4
97 JAN 22  101 58.99 36 29.91 121  4.46  4.62 28 1 .06  .2  .4 BIT   1.7
--ORIGIN TIME (UT)-- -LAT N-- --LON W-- DEPTH  N N RMS ERH ERZ       DUR
YR MON DA HRMN  SEC  DEG MIN  DEG  MIN    KM  RD S SEC  KM  KM REMKS MAG
97 JAN 22  446 51.47 36  1.56 120 35.16  1.14 12 1 .27 1.0 2.5 SLA## 1.7
97 JAN 22  516 12.76 37 20.40 118 41.19 15.64 24   .08  .4 1.1 KAI   2.6
97 JAN 22  717 16.69 40 16.30 124 23.66 23.79 22   .12 1.2  .6 MEN   5.6
97 JAN 22  724 23.25 40 20.31 124 42.84 21.92 14 1 .05 1.7  .7 MEN   2.2
97 JAN 22  725 17.71 40 18.12 124 30.49 20.59 22 1 .06  .9  .2 MEN   2.7
97 JAN 22  759 49.65 40 20.69 124 12.13  5.01  7   .58 2.5 7.2 MEN # 1.7
97 JAN 22  800 43.15 40 19.59 124 38.56 20.77 28   .12 1.1  .4 MEN   4.3
97 JAN 22  820 49.44 40 18.17 124 30.92 21.03 11 1 .06 1.9  .3 MEN   2.8
97 JAN 22  836 11.10 37 28.69 121 49.86  7.32 52 3 .08  .1  .3 MIS   1.9
97 JAN 22  857 33.10 40 17.16 124 24.32 22.72 25 1 .08 1.0  .3 MEN   2.8
97 JAN 22  919 58.43 36 35.20 121 11.12  3.25 13   .06  .3  .4 PIN    .9
97 JAN 22 1040 47.12 36  0.18 120 33.33  4.71 12   .04  .5  .7 SLA   1.3
97 JAN 22 1044 39.32 36 50.75 121 34.41  8.99 12   .11  .6  .9 SJB   1.3
97 JAN 22 1121 14.48 40 13.54 124 11.29  5.00  7   .22 2.1 5.0 MEN # 1.8
97 JAN 22 1148  1.82 41  7.00 126  6.61 14.13 56 1 .17 3.1 8.9 PON   4.3
97 JAN 22 1515 32.67 40 15.05 124  9.96  5.01  9 1 .55 2.7 7.2 MEN # 1.6
97 JAN 22 1821 26.12 40 20.06 124 39.62 18.79 24 1 .10 1.1  .5 MEN   3.0
97 JAN 22 1908 42.43 41  1.90 121 22.85  5.00  8   .42 4.535.6 MOD - 1.6
97 JAN 22 1925 24.89 36 31.84 120 51.62 10.50 10   .07  .5 1.4 CRV   1.7
97 JAN 22 2333  1.87 36 29.89 121  4.63  5.51 18   .05  .3  .5 BIT   2.0
97 JAN 23  110 16.05 38 46.91 122 45.83  2.49  7   .01  .4  .8 GEY   1.0
TABLE 2.
Data from National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC)
UTC TIME    LAT     LONG    DEP GS MAGS  SD STA  REGION AND COMMENTS
HRMNSEC                         MB  Msz     USED
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
JAN 12
000033.8* 11.123N 125.793E  33N 4.3     0.7  13 SAMAR, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
000149.0  35.976N 117.631W   5G         1.0  30 CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. ML 3.6 (GS).
000455.8* 51.562N 178.412W  33N 3.4     0.6  17 ANDREANOF ISLANDS, ALEUTIAN IS.
001028.0? 18.38 N 102.49 W  33N 3.8     1.9  13 MICHOACAN, MEXICO
012359.1  46.522N   1.041W  10G         1.3  44 FRANCE. ML 4.2 (LDG).
012828.1? 18.41 N 102.19 W  33N 4.9     1.1  20 MICHOACAN, MEXICO
032850.0* 16.238S 175.980E  33N 4.7 4.7 1.1  15 FIJI ISLANDS REGION
060106.8& 49.668N 120.397W  10               17 BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. ML 3.5
        Felt at Kelowna, Oliver, Peachland, Penticton, Princeton and Vernon.
083138.4% 32.784S  70.531W  33N         0.9  10 CHILE-ARGENTINA BORDER.MD 4.4
083256.5  37.383N   2.109W  10G         0.9  18 SPAIN. mbLg 3.4 (MDD). Felt (IV)
                                                in the epicentral area.
104830.1  35.908N  28.678E  60* 4.1     1.1  52 EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA
120130.4*  8.913N  83.126W  40G 6.2     0.8  10 COSTA RICA
133132.5% 34.088S  70.493W 100G         0.2  11 CHILE-ARGENTINA BORDER. MD 4.1
150042.1% 33.356S  70.436W 100G         0.3  11 CHILE-ARGENTINA BORDER. MD 3.9
154658.5?  3.57 S 145.81 E  33N 4.1     1.6  13 NEAR N COAST OF NEW GUINEA, PNG.
173722.0  35.516N  23.046E  33N 4.1     1.1  45 CRETE
174341.9% 32.263S  70.487W 100G         0.5  11 CHILE-ARGENTINA BORDER. MD 4.1
200443.1* 35.346N  77.875E  33N 3.9     1.2  16 EASTERN KASHMIR
202100.1  35.954N  25.465E 100G 4.1     1.5  44 CRETE
JAN 13
000122.1* 56.277S  24.344W  45D 4.9     0.6   9 SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS REGION
013859.8? 18.44 S 174.71 W  33N 4.6     1.0  13 TONGA ISLANDS
014720.7? 34.36 N  37.28 W  10G 3.4     1.1  10 NORTHERN MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE
022405.3? 28.57 N  55.98 E  10G 3.5     1.6  10 SOUTHERN IRAN
064351.8? 18.23 N 106.30 W  33N 3.8     0.5  10 OFF COAST OF JALISCO, MEXICO
101926.1  34.302N  32.311E  33N 5.3 5.4 1.2 208 CYPRUS REGION. Mw 5.6  ML 6.2
        Felt strongly at Limassol and Paphos. Felt in Israel and Lebanon.
        Also felt at Cairo, Egypt. 
112936.7  33.414N 116.901W  15G         0.5  19 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. MD 3.8
        (PAS). Felt in the Escondido area.
113719.6  34.364N 141.156E  33N 5.1     0.9  45 OFF EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
134243.0? 16.95 N 147.14 E  46? 4.0     1.0  20 MARIANA ISLANDS REGION
151905.0* 71.061N   7.399W  10G 4.4 3.7 0.5  25 JAN MAYEN ISLAND REGION
161420.6? 36.91 N  71.37 E 142? 3.2     0.3   8 AFGHANISTAN-TAJIKISTAN BORD REG.
163245.8* 43.668N 128.293W  10G 3.5     0.3  30 OFF COAST OF OREGON
164358.9  33.355N 116.965W   5G         0.9  21 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. MD 2.9
        (PAS). Felt slightly in the Escondido area.
185804.6  37.024N 143.148E  31D 3.9     1.1  25 OFF EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
210410.4* 14.974S  75.948W  33N 4.1     1.1  11 NEAR COAST OF PERU
233315.8* 16.971N 147.191E  33N 3.9     1.0  16 MARIANA ISLANDS REGION
235717.3* 45.100N 151.893E  33N 4.6     1.2  18 KURIL ISLANDS
JAN 14
005554.1* 31.663S  67.547W  33N 4.4     1.4  12 SAN JUAN PROV., ARGENTINA. MD
4.3
033036.2? 34.55 N  32.46 E  33N 3.9     1.2  22 CYPRUS REGION
062057.8  34.308N 141.294E  27  5.0     0.9  57 OFF EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
072139.7?  8.95 N  82.96 W  10G         0.1   6 PANAMA-COSTA RICA BORDER. MD 4.1
091526.4* 22.357S 171.545E  33N 5.0 4.6 1.1  21 LOYALTY ISLANDS REGION
114449.1% 34.040S  70.069W  10G         0.2  11 CHILE-ARGENTINA BORDER. MD 4.0
114756.3* 37.422N 141.228E  62* 3.3     1.1  15 NEAR EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
180334.7  17.347N  61.643W  60  4.8     0.8  84 LEEWARD ISLANDS. MD 5.4 (TRN).
      Felt (IV) on Antigua and Guadeloupe, (II) on Montserrat. Also on St. Kitts.
180522.9  21.571N 143.012E 300G 4.7     1.0  52 MARIANA ISLANDS REGION
193911.2* 24.809N 127.671E  37D 3.9     1.1  13 SOUTHEAST OF RYUKYU ISLANDS
195318.9* 14.254N  89.557W  33N 4.0     1.5  14 GUATEMALA
200604.0* 24.600N 122.622E 100G 3.2     0.8  11 TAIWAN REGION
211118.4* 12.667N 143.846E  51* 4.4 5.4 1.0  21 SOUTH OF MARIANA ISLANDS
225820.6  40.877N  20.462E  10G         1.4  33 GREECE-ALBANIA BORDER. ML 3.8
JAN 15
010337.8*  8.907N  83.135W  33N 3.9     1.2  13 COSTA RICA
012628.7*  2.872N  84.274W  33N 3.8     1.0  17 OFF COAST OF CENTRAL AMERICA
012920.8?  3.48 N  84.11 W  33N 3.5     0.8   6 OFF COAST OF CENTRAL AMERICA
024702.3  52.320N 173.973W 100G 4.9     0.8  22 ANDREANOF ISLANDS, ALEUTIAN IS.
043725.7% 10.521N  61.837W  10G         0.5   6 TRINIDAD. MD 3.5 (TRN).
050052.2  34.341N  32.343E  33N         0.6  25 CYPRUS REGION. ML 4.2 (JER).
053510.5  47.718N   7.128E   5G         0.7  19 SWITZERLAND. ML 2.9 (VIE), 3.4
074919.9? 13.83 N  87.23 W 200G 3.7     1.7   9 HONDURAS
081424.0* 51.653N  16.375E  10G         0.1   5 POLAND. ML 2.6 (MOX).
110641.6  34.305N  32.273E  33N         0.3  13 CYPRUS REGION. ML 4.0 (JER).
125320.8* 21.631S  68.303W 120D 4.6     1.2  23 CHILE-BOLIVIA BORDER
152809.6* 28.725N  51.792E  33N 3.9     0.7  14 SOUTHERN IRAN
161718.5  33.826N 116.992W  10G         0.5  23 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. ML 3.1
                                                (GS). Felt at Hemet.
180635.0& 59.850N 151.740W  54  3.1          27 KENAI PENINSULA, ALASKA. ML 4.0
                 Felt at Anchor Point, Clam Gulch, Homer, Ninilchik and Seldovia.
204238.9* 15.106S  75.775W  33N 4.4     0.8  13 NEAR COAST OF PERU
221052.4   2.307S  85.090E  10G 4.8     0.7  26 SOUTH INDIAN OCEAN
JAN 16
010720.2  21.869N 121.482E  33N 5.2 3.9 1.1  78 TAIWAN REGION. Felt on Lan Yu.
073656.4  37.401N 118.665W   5G         1.2  20 CALIFORNIA-NEVADA BORDER. ML 3.1
214108.5* 18.237N 102.563W  33N 5.4 4.8 1.1  71 MICHOACAN, MEXICO
JAN 17
055204.7  39.640N 120.027W   5G         0.6  18 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA. ML 3.0
112022.1   8.853S 123.698E 111D 6.1     0.8  31 FLORES REGION, INDONESIA MW 6.2
153707.1  28.730N 130.095E  33N 5.3     1.0  31 RYUKYU ISLANDS
155313.9  28.947N 129.990E  33N 6.1 5.7 0.8  81 RYUKYU ISLANDS. Mw 6.3 (HRV).
211041.0*  1.024N  27.645W  10G 4.9     1.0  20 CENTRAL MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE
211416.1*  0.932N  27.704W  10G 4.8     0.9  14 CENTRAL MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE
223211.9* 24.325S  67.081W 170* 4.5     0.5   8 CHILE-ARGENTINA BORDER
232408.9* 47.284S  13.399W  10G 5.2 5.7 1.0  14 SOUTHERN MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE. 
JAN 18
001130.4  34.143N 116.363W   5G         1.2  19 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. ML 3.1 Felt
004407.5  34.338N 118.725W  10G         0.9  33 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. ML 3.0
040632.4*  6.370N 126.368E  33N 4.7     1.3  10 MINDANAO, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
041112.1  34.333N  32.410E  33N 4.1     1.0  19 CYPRUS REGION. ML 4.3 (JER).
080409.8*  4.324N 126.672E  33N 4.8     1.4  14 TALAUD ISLANDS, INDONESIA
171349.4* 23.929N 122.762E  58* 4.6     1.0  10 TAIWAN REGION. Felt along the
                                                northeast coast of Taiwan.
220439.0& 39.100N 105.100W   5G               4 COLORADO. . ML 2.8 (GS).
                                                Felt in the Woodland Park area.
225437.0* 42.351N 142.192E 143* 3.9     1.1  10 HOKKAIDO, JAPAN  REGION
JAN 19
022712.8*  5.124S 108.401E 647  5.3     1.2  29 JAVA SEA
035656.3& 39.100N 105.100W   5G               4 COLORADO. . ML 2.6 (GS).
                                                Felt in the Woodland Park area.
043322.5  20.045N 121.432E  33N 5.7 5.3 0.9  88 PHILIPPINE ISLANDS REGION. 
043615.0& 39.100N 105.100W   5G               4 COLORADO. . ML 2.7 (GS).
                                                Felt in the Woodland Park area.
053212.2  51.453N 178.175W  33N 5.1 5.0 1.1  68 ANDREANOF ISLANDS, ALEUTIAN IS.
                                                ML 5.7 (GS). Felt on Adak.
194229.2* 39.206N  18.658E  10G 5.3     1.5  30 SOUTHERN ITALY
212946.9* 23.223S  66.357W 217* 4.3     0.7   8 JUJUY PROVINCE, ARGENTINA
JAN 20
083354.9* 10.010N 126.217E  33N 4.9     1.4  11 PHILIPPINE ISLANDS REGION
131635.5  56.386N 153.290W  33N 4.7     0.9  18 KODIAK ISLAND REGION
165832.9* 55.989N 152.740W  33N 4.5     1.3  16 SOUTH OF ALASKA. ML 3.9 (PMR).
170246.2* 56.286N 152.986W  33N 4.3     1.2  15 KODIAK ISLAND REGION. ML 4.7
JAN 21
014714.0? 39.42 N  77.29 E  33N 4.7     0.8  23 SOUTHERN XINJIANG, CHINA
014828.9* 39.312N  77.073E  33N 5.3 5.8 1.3  19 SOUTHERN XINJIANG, CHINA. Mw 5.9
        (HRV). At least 12 people killed, 38 injured, and extensive damage in
        Jiashi County, Xinjiang.
173111.5  39.472N 122.955W   5G         0.7  24 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA. ML 3.1
204750.7  38.104N  28.793E  33N 5.2 4.3 0.9  57 TURKEY
211958.5* 16.341N  98.116W  33N 5.0 4.9 0.9  21 NEAR COAST OF GUERRERO, MEXICO.
        Felt in Oaxaca and Guerrero. Also felt at Mexico City.
JAN 22
175722  Q 36.2  N  35.9  E  33N 5.5     0.9  57 TURKEY
182453  Q 36.2  N  36.0  E  33N 5.4     0.9  27 TURKEY
182733  Q 36.3  N  35.9  E  33N 5.5     0.6  23 TURKEY
JAN 23
021522  Q 22.0  S  65.7  W 280  6.4     0.9  99 JUJUY PROVINCE, ARGENTINA
Note:  Computer users can get faster access to the Weekly Seismicity      
 Reports in any of three ways:
       1. World-Wide-Web (WWW) access:    http://quake.wr.usgs.gov
       2. Anonymous FTP access:           quake.wr.usgs.gov 
                                          (in pub/www/QUAKES/WEEKREPS)
       3. Email Access:    (send email to michael@andreas.wr.usgs.gov)
Notes for Table 1:
       Origin time in the list is in GMT, in the text and on maps
       it is in local time.
       N RD: is the number of readings used to locate the event.
       N S: is the number of S waves in N RD.
       RMS SEC: is the root mean squared residual misfit for the
                location is seconds, the lower the better, over 0.3
                to 0.5 seconds is getting bad, but this is machine,
                not hand timed, data.
       ERH: is the estimated horizontal error in kilometers.
       ERZ: is the estimated vertical error in kilometers.
       N FM: is the number of readings used to compute the magnitude.
       REMKS: obtuse region codes that denote the velocity model
              used to locate the event.
       DUR MAG: is the magnitude as determined from the duration of
                the seismograms, not the amplitude.  Sort of like
                going to echo canyon and measuring how loud your
                yell is by counting echos.
       FIG: denotes the figure/event number in the maps posted separately.

ad651@freenet.hamilton.on.ca (Louis Johnson) wrote:
>and the designer and creator is one I can call upon
>in times of need and He will answer before I even ask.
OK.  Tell me what number I'm thinking of.
JeffMo
"A valid argument is not formed solely by ignorance." -JeffMo
"A valid argument is not formed solely by assertion." -JeffMo
Religion : Science :: Methamphetamine : Exercise
For email replies, remove the "dipstick." from my eddress.
It should be self-evident that I am not a dipstick.  ;-)

Chris Franks  wrote:
>Hugh Gibbons wrote:
>> 
>> In article ,
>> shallit@graceland.uwaterloo.ca (Jeffrey Shallit) wrote:
>> 
>> > Malapropism.  My favorite malapropism is the fellow who
>> > talked about his "bonified experiences", as if there were
>> > a verb, "to bonify".
>> 
>> Incorrect.  A Bonified Experience is a subcategory of the
>> Near-Death Experience (NDE), wherein you go down a dark
>> tunnel littered with the bones of your departed loved ones.
>> 
>> +--------------------------------------+
>> |   Hugh Gibbons    |
>> +--------------------------------------+
>   No,no,no.   You missed the point.   There is no such word as
>bonified. The real phrase is "bona fide".  It is Latin.  It means "in
>good faith".
>Bona=good  fide = faith.   Duh.
Sounds like YOU missed the point, Hugh.  He was trying to be funny.
Duh.
JeffMo
"A valid argument is not formed solely by ignorance." -JeffMo
"A valid argument is not formed solely by assertion." -JeffMo
Religion : Science :: Methamphetamine : Exercise
For email replies, remove the "dipstick." from my eddress.
It should be self-evident that I am not a dipstick.  ;-)

In article <01bc0931$46dbf900$6d557ea8@bjyoopc.girlim.co.kr>, "Bong-Jae
Yoo"  wrote:
>         below site have a [map projection-formula]
> 
>         i have a delphi-code that convert  From Lat/Lon to UTM
>         [ My Country is South-Korea, UTM Zone is 52, Long is 129 ]
>         
This code is an implementation of the REDFEARN document
> 
>         UTM Zone = 52  Lone 129
> 
>         At Last....
> 
>         if Long := 126.0 and Lat  := 40.0 then
>         
>         Generated 
>         
>                 Easeting = 216610.45
>                 Northing = 3544019.66
These results are wrong, by quite a bit.
You can check using a GPS in simulation mode.
(Korea uses the Tokyo grid, I think, not that it matters here).
If you do this, you might notice that this point is on the 
dividing longitude between UTM zones, so sometimes you will
see the UTM zone given as 51 and sometimes as 52 (with different
values of easting and northing of course).
Looking at the code, I found some mistakes.
Once these are fixed, the source code given seems to work,
but I only tested it with the above point.
If anyone uses this code, also Note that the
UTM zone is hard-wired into the program,
as is the ellipsoid it uses. 
  e4 := Power(e2,4.0); {was: e4 := Power(e2,2.0);}
  e6 := Power(e2,6.0); {was: e6 := Power(e2,3.0);}
  t4 := Power(t2,4.0); {was: t4 := Power(t2,2.0);}
  t6 := Power(t2,6.0); {was: t6 := Power(t2,3.0);}
  Omega4 := Power(Omega2,4.0); {was: Omega4 := Power(Omega, 2.0);}
  Omega6 := Power(Omega2,6.0); {was: Omega2 := Power(Omega, 3.0);}
  Omega8 := Power(Omega2,8.0); {was: Omega2 := Power(Omega, 4.0);}
Also I made these changes, for clarity if nothing else
  Term1 := (1/6) * (Omega2 * Power(Cos(Lat),2) * (Psi - t2)); {added
parent on first factor}
  Term2 := (1/120)* [...]; {added parent on first factor}
  Term3 := (1/5040) * [...]; {added parent on first factor}
- Norris

In article <32E7C30C.5564@avmin.co.za>, john murphy  wrote:
> What went right in the Archean - 
Hmmm, 
Higher heat flow, more mantle melting (higher degrees as well as more
extensive melting zones), initial differentiation of crust from mantle?
Anybody else ?
pj

On Thu, 23 Jan 1997 15:46:30 GMT, tops@gol.com (Jason Morris) wrote:
>Just a general question to anyone who may be able to help.
>
>I am an English teacher in Japan, and in one of my conversation
>classes, I certain issue came up which we could net resolve and which
>I am very interested in finding out for the sake of interest.
>
>The north of Australia is 3 times as far away from the Equator as the
>north of Japan, and yet winter in the north of Australia is warm
>enough to swim and yet winter in the north of Japan brings snow so
>thick that roads are blocked off.  Does anyone know why this is so.
>
I'm afraid that you have your geography wrong.  The north of Australia is only
12 degrees from the Equator, while the north of Japan is 43 degrees from the
Equator.  The islands off of Kyushu, on the south of Japan, are still about 30
degrees from the Equator, while the south of Australia (the part farthest from
the Equator) is only 39 degrees from the Equator.
Thus ALL of Japan is farther from the Equator than 80% of Australia, and MOST of
Japan is farther from the Equator than ANY of Australia.
Donald L. Blanchard
Morrison Natural History Museum (Volunteer)
Morrison, Colorado, USA
dlblanc@earthlink.net | http://home.earthlink.net/~dlblanc/
morrmuseum@earthlink.net
------  Standard Disclaimer  ------

here in Portland Ore  theres about one or even two Main Mudslides
per day as the TV coverage of these events durring a period of
extra high rainfall bring down debree from the Fault Block 
West hills.  Blocking Roads,  Destroying Houses,  and general
mucking property damage..    its been a wet year here.   /\/op

Bob Shannon (rshannon@comtch.iea.com) wrote:
: What if....in say Chaos, Tims Dew Hypothesis works because nature is
: complex in its chaos. For instance...
: Water is a great conductor of electricity.
Do you make this up as you go along?
:   There is a fine line between science and madness.
Maybe so.
: Hubris can be blinding, 'specially
: when a prof who is tenured, still owes student loans:->
Or when a self-proclaimed cleric ....
: ... I applaud Dennis for being so tenacious in Tims defense.
Which he seems to be doing without any understanding of the physical
processes that Tim has included in his theory.  Neither of them
is any Wegener.
: After all, it is the radical idea that captures
: the imagination of the true educator!
I suppose you would have us discard all of conventional science
and go along with your belief that you can predict earthquakes 
and volcanic eruptions by when you get migranes.
: Rev. Robert Shannon Sr. Hon. DD Theology
Bob
No Phony Titles

Check out this site. It has an interesting PDF 
presentation using thumbnails and imagemaps.
______________________
In article <19970124034600.WAA04078@ladder01.news.aol.com>,
   allanmcnyc@aol.com (AllanMcNYC) wrote:
>NEW "DINOSAUR TRACKS IN COAL MINES" WEBSITE
>
>          ***Apologies for Cross-Posting***
>***Please share with any interested parties or mailing lists***
>
>You are invited to drop by the REPRINTS Web Site:
>
>http://www.stadiumweb.com/Reprints/Introduction.html
>
>This site contains a group of texts and text excerpts written by different
>paleontologists concerning the phenomenon of natural casts of dinosaur
>tracks found in the roofs of Utah coal mines.
>
>I am an artist in New York, and I originally edited and compiled the 21
>texts to accompany my 1991 sculpture project, the *Natural Copies from the
>Coal Mines of Central Utah*, as photocopied handouts to the gallery
>visitors. They are available on this website in both html versions and
>downloadable Portable Document Format (PDF) versions, for anyone who might
>want to use them for educational purposes. The sculpture project was done
>in co-operation with the College of Eastern Utah Prehistoric Museum in
>Price, Utah, and for those who may be interested in contemporary art,
>information about the project is also available on the site.
>
>Among the authors excerpted are: 
>
>John K. Balsley, Edwin H. Colbert, David D. Gilette, Adrian P. Hunt, Chet
>Jennings, Martin G. Lockley, Lee R. Parker, William Peterson, Robert L.
>Rowley, Jr., W. Lee Stokes, Charles N. Strevell, Tony Thulborn, Mary Wade,
>and William D. Wilson
>
>Comments are welcome (and desired), and may be sent to me at:
>reprints@stadiumweb.com
>
>Please visit!
>
>Allan McCollum (reprints@stadiumweb.com) 
>New York, NY

A Geological Society of America Penrose Conference, "Faults and Subsurface
Fluid Flow: Fundamentals and Applications to Hydrogeology and Petroleum
Geology", will be held September 10-15, 1997 in Albuquerque and Taos, New
Mexico.  A complete hypertext version of the conference announcement,
including application instructions, is linked to the New Mexico Tech
Faults and Fluids Group home page
(http://www.nmt.edu/~haneberg/Fluids.html).
Application deadline is March 1, 1997.
-- 
William C. Haneberg, Ph.D., P.G.                 
http://nmt.edu/~haneberg/
New Mexico Tech / NM Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources   

Hello All - I'm trying to track down the address of the company that makes
Giddings truck-mounted soil augers.  I can't come up with anything on the 
Web.  I'd appreciate any information you have.
Thanks.
Steve Feldman 
In the beautiful Blue Ridge

I am a graduate student Geology at Arizona State University, in
pursuit of a M.S., planning to finish by the end of summer 1997. I
will be looking for work in geology or hydrology in the Tucson area,
and may consider a part-time position prior to graduation. My
strengths in geology are mostly in quantitative computer applications,
particularly remote sensing and GIS systems (ERmapper, ARC/INFO,
Idrisi, TNT MIPS). I have a well developed, math, physics, and
chemistry background to take on just about any geology,  hydrology or
geotechnical problem. I am published, and have excellent written and
presentation skills. I would be very interested in the challenge of
bringing remote sensing and GIS to a geoscience firm that has not yet
exploited  with this cost-effective technology.
Sean McManus

Could you please tell me if there are any elements that are found mainly
in celistial bodies which have special properties (eg affinity to
organic compounds)
please mail the answers to me
thank you
tj
ps i am also intrested in info about iridium and alloys
-------------------==== Posted via Deja News ====-----------------------
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Alan Vaughan wrote:
> 
> In article  Tryggvi Emilsson  writes:
> 
> >  WARNING:  Hydrofluoric can cause VERY nasty burns on skin,which only
> >manifest themselves hours after exposure.Use fume hood and protective
> >gear. Wash hands with plenty of water during,and after handling HF,
> >whether you suspect exposure or not.
> 
> >Tryggvi Emilsson
> >U.of Illinois/Chemistry
> 
> I would say that this warning is too mild. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) can and does
> kill: In 1995, an Australian palynological researcher died after splashing
> with HF an area of leg skin equivalent to about one handprint. I would
> recommend use only in a laboratory equipped for it, and never alone.
> 
> Alan Vaughan
> 
> 
Attention with Hydroflouric acid is often directed to the nasty deep
subcutaneous burns that can extend to extensive bone destruction. In
many ways this is misleading, although very unpleasant.
HF is very mobile in complex organic systems and has a strong affinity
for Calcium. Much of the human body's nervous system depends upon
sensitive Na/K/Ca balances to transmit messages properly. If this is
disturbed, extreme bodily disfunction, agonising cramps and permanent
physiological damage can occur. Death is not uncommon, nor pleasant.
Caveat Emptor.
Nick Hoffman	Lowly Geophysicist
		"insert Disclaimer of your choice here"

Western Atlas, a leader in the oil field service sector, is an 
organisation based upon continuous improvement and a strong
performance ethic.
Due to an expanding market base and the imminent multi-platform
release of our petrophysical software package, eXpress(TM), the
Software Systems Group is seeking a skilled individual for a 
software sales/support position.  We are currently interested in 
hearing from reservoir engineers, petrophysicists or geologists
with strong interdisciplinary, presentation and computing skills.
The successful applicant will be based in our Isleworth office,
servicing customers within Europe, Africa and the Middle East.
Applications need to include a full curriculum vitae, detailing
years of relevant experience, salary history and expectations.
Please forward to:
Ms. G.Bhari
Western Atlas Logging Services
Software Systems (London)
455 London Road, Isleworth,
Middlesex, TW7 5AB, England
Fax: 	44 (0)181-231-7260
email: 	geeta.bhari@waii.com

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It's over, and can't be helped, and that's one consolation, as they
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  -- Charles Dickens, _The Pickwick Papers_

Hi!
I will be building a digital seismograph for EENG thesis.
I live in Toronto, Canada.
Q: How sensitive must a seismograph be calibrated (for any station around the
  globe) to detect distant (ie from the other side of the globe) tremours.
The design will include accelerometer chips.
I 'd appreciate references to Journals over straight responses.
Thanks in advance,
Mihalis.

In article ,
P.Henney@bgs.ac.uk (Dr Paul J Henney) writes:
>Seems that geology is just too expensive to teach and learn
>compared with say, creative media studies 
And more difficult to get into, I imagine.  my recollections as a former
Head of Sixth Form, is 2 E's for Media Studies and have known youngsters
get into Media Studies degree courses on one E.  
Matter of fact, someone asked me tonight what is Media Studies - answer
unprintable!!!
Barbara

In article <32E7C64C.69A1@sc.hp.com>, Chris Franks  wrote:
> Hugh Gibbons wrote:
> > 
> > In article ,
> > shallit@graceland.uwaterloo.ca (Jeffrey Shallit) wrote:
> > 
> > > Malapropism.  My favorite malapropism is the fellow who
> > > talked about his "bonified experiences", as if there were
> > > a verb, "to bonify".
> > 
> > Incorrect.  A Bonified Experience is a subcategory of the
> > Near-Death Experience (NDE), wherein you go down a dark
> > tunnel littered with the bones of your departed loved ones.
> > 
>    No,no,no.   You missed the point.   There is no such word as
> bonified. The real phrase is "bona fide".  It is Latin.  It means "in
> good faith".
> Bona=good  fide = faith.   Duh.
> -- 
> Speaking for myself from experience
Are you saying that you've had experiences in good faith youself?
How nice for you.  Besides, I've just defined "bonified" for you,
so it IS a word NOW.
-- Humpty
+--------------------------------------+
|   Hugh Gibbons    |
+--------------------------------------+

Does anyone have any text sources that I could get hold of, re the effect 
of Helka 3 eruption on tree rings in Ireland and elsewhere?
I'd be most grateful for some pointers.
Mnay thanks,
Jo

In article <32e79abe.0@news.vais.net>, ray@scribbledyne.com (Ray Heinrich)
wrote:
‹>    but if you want to control people and get them to do what you 
‹>    want without question (even cutting steel plates), then religion 
‹>    beats science hands down.
‹>
‹>    in all in selecting the right tool for the job.
‹>
‹>    -ray
It's not the purpose of science to control people. On the other hand,
controlling people without question is why religion was "created".
-- 
MIIAAOUU !!! à tout les chats de la planète, de Julius et Linus

Kenneth Fair (kjfair@midway.uchicago.edu) wrote:
: This is a forged message from someone in Australia.
: I'm sorry you keep having these problems, Karl.  You tend to bring them
: on yourself, but that doesn't excuse the culprit.
: Now, as to the culprit: 
I was going to let this thread and subject go, especially after Mr. Fair
e-mailed me twice with a lengthy explanation as to why he is the mighty
Usenet Avenger who is going to get all thos forgers off the net.
Thank you, Mr. Fair.  Please look above to your line concerning Karl
bringing those problems on to himself.  Then go look at the posts he
posted on 1/24 and 1/25 to alt.atheism.  
Perhaps your obvious concern and efforts could be used to rid the Usent of
karl's off-topic and insulting posts to alt.atheism.  Those offenses could
be punishable by karl's ISP.  Unless one claims free-speech for him.  in
that case, the forger of the forged posts also is protected by
free-speech.
Perhaps those new posts are forgeries as well.  Well, you are the man . .
.go get 'em.

I posted this same message earlier today but I do not see it in the newsgroup.
Please excuse if you already read this. I am looking for literature on
earthquakes in North America outside of California. A history of type of
article or book. I checked our small campus library and there is lots of
info on eartquakes. Just no history of type information. Something that
would give a list of dates, locations, magnitudes, etc.. I know the
intermountain seismic belt has had some recordable "quakes". Can anyone
point me in a direction?????!!!!!!!! It is for a school speech project.

Eleanor, the Megaflow Junkie (megaflowjunkie@enterprise.net) wrote:
: Surely if God wishes to change his creation once it has come into
: existance he can, and that would by necessity give all of the
: appearance of being evolution; one form would become another...
This is a possibility, but where is the evidence?
There are absolutely no transitional figures in
the fossile record.  Even Darwin speculated that
by our century many should be unearthed.  Where are
they? 
The odds that even the simplet cellular life could     
have evolved are 1x10(40000) power.  Who would stake
their life on such odds?  That's what you do when 
you reject the Creator in favor of evolution.
One more point before I sign off.  When's the last
time you saw a wrist watch form by random chance?
Isn't the universe infinitely more complex, and
magnificent than a wrist watch?  The universe itself
contains tons of evidence of design.  Where there
is design there is a designer.  
It makes more sense for me to believe in God than
in a theory with no evidence.
Les

I am looking for information on earthquakes in N.A. outside of California.
A history of type book. I checked the library at the school I attend. They
have a lot on earthquakes but no history type book. Can any one help me out?
Especially looking for something that covers the "quakes" of the intermountain
seismic belt. Would really appreciate any help. I have to give a 5 - 10 minute
informative speech for a SpCom 100 requirement.
                                            Stephen Stanko
                                            sjs199@psuvm.psu.edu
                                            or sjs199@psu.edu

Whoops! I meant to forward the post to some co-workers
and posted my reply instead. Sorry folks.
In article <5cbteu$26k_001@wr.usgs.gov>, jnmarso@usgs.gov (Jeff Marso) wrote:
>Check out this site. It has an interesting PDF 
>presentation using thumbnails and imagemaps.
>
>
>
>______________________
>In article <19970124034600.WAA04078@ladder01.news.aol.com>,
>   allanmcnyc@aol.com (AllanMcNYC) wrote:
>>NEW "DINOSAUR TRACKS IN COAL MINES" WEBSITE
>>

Hi,
I am doing a project on acid rain for a high school Geography course.
One of the requirements is that I supply a map showing where we find
acid rain in North America.  Does anybody know where I can find  a
relatively up-to-date map containing this information?  An online
resource would be ideal but any source available in libraries would
do.  Please forward any replies to my email account (fab@direct.ca).
In the case of periodicals, journals, and other publications, specific
information regarding what issue to look for is particularly
appreciated.
Thanks for your help,
Fabrice Grover (fab@direct.ca)

S types vesus I types.
But why invoke subduction ? 
Trevor.Johnson  wrote in article
<01bc0738$a3c6a980$d02649c2@dell>...
> Just thought I'd throw a little question out/topic of discussion out.  I
> have just finished a synthesis (3rd year geology University of london) as
> to the source rocks of granites.  Two contrasting view are that they are
> formed from recycled crust or that the are wholly mantle origin.  Using
> Isotope ratios it can be seen that the Hercynian granites of Massif
Central
> France have a crustal origin due to underplating.  Scottish Caledonian
> granites also have a crustal origin, although there is some recent
evidence
> for an enriched mantle source......
> 
> Has anyone else done any research into this area........
> Trevor Johnson
> 

> sci.geo.earthquakes, ca.earthquakes
> 
> If someone posted an inane comment and nobody answered, the thread would
> probably be off-subject and deserved the silent death it received.
> 
> Jim Bone
In  sense Theology might be a useful cross post - since both geology and
theology have much in common.
Louis Hissink

Subject:  Re: Creationism VS Evolution
From:  ljb@msc.edu (Leslie J Bertsch)
Date:  24 Jan 1997 22:46:18 GMT
Message-id: <5cbe3q$k8d@uc.msc.edu>
>Eleanor, the Megaflow Junkie (megaflowjunkie@enterprise.net) wrote:
>: Surely if God wishes to change his creation once it has come into
>: existance he can, and that would by necessity give all of the
>: appearance of being evolution; one form would become another...
>This is a possibility, but where is the evidence?
>There are absolutely no transitional figures in
>the fossile record.  Even Darwin speculated that
>by our century many should be unearthed.  Where are
>they? 
>The odds that even the simplet cellular life could     
>have evolved are 1x10(40000) power.  Who would stake
>their life on such odds?  That's what you do when 
>you reject the Creator in favor of evolution.
>One more point before I sign off.  When's the last
>time you saw a wrist watch form by random chance?
>Isn't the universe infinitely more complex, and
>magnificent than a wrist watch?  The universe itself
>contains tons of evidence of design.  Where there
>is design there is a designer.  
>It makes more sense for me to believe in God than
>in a theory with no evidence.
>Les
And of course there is so much evidence for God. That's why there is only
one religion in the world...
But seriously, once again the argument against evolution is based on
ignorance and, well, sheer lies. It's possible to base any arguement on
falsehoods...
Let's see- firstly, I don't think the odds of life, simple or not,
evolving have not to my knowledge ever been given odds. Life spontaneously
coming into being- yes, but evolving no. There is also no point about
discussing the odds anyway- if life didn't come about then we wouldn't be
here to discuss it. Maybe WE are the only life in the universe, then odds
would be a lot greater than 1x10(40000) power but then here we are.
What are the odds of flipping a coin and it coming down 'heads' if the
previous 10 flips also came down 'heads' ( assuming it's not a trick coin
)? Answer; same as before, 50%. The odds of 10 'heads' in a row are pretty
unlikely, but the odds are just the same as 10 'tails' in a row, or 5
'heads' then 5 'tails', or alternate 'heads' and 'tails' or any other
possible combination. But you rarely get anything BUT 'heads' or 'tails'. 
Evolution isn't random, it's non-directional or blind. Creatures do not
'adapt' to their environment, but some variations are favoured more than
others. There is no direction, or goal in mind. Many creatures have
actually evolved from more 'advanced' forms to simpler and more
'primative' ones. 
Watches to not spontaneously form by random chance ( though I do have one
that keeps random time!) That is because if all the pieces are not
assembled in exactly the correct order, you have to start again right at
the beginning. This is not the way  things work...
Ok, I'm thinking of a number between 0,000,000,000 and 9,999,999,999. What
is the maximum number of guesses would it take for you to find the number?
10,000,000,000 ( ok 9,999,999,999 because you wouldn't need to 'guess' the
last one ). Ok, now how many would it take IF when you got a digit right,
I told you so. 10 ( or once again 9, because you only need to guess wrong
the numbers it isn't )- simply start at 0,000,000,000 then make every
wrong digit a 1 and so on. Now this is a rather simplfied example, real
life doesnt work that way and this example works for any number from
1digit upwards ( and still gives the same answer ). The 'wrong' digits
should be replaced with another random set, but the number of tries
required would still be incredably few. Add a few BILLION years and a lot
of things can happen in that amount of time.
Can I make a plea to all you fellow geologists ( and other scientists and
amateurs ) out there. There is no point arguing with creationists- they
will not listen to you. Sometimes you have to fight, to allow accepted
scSubject: naked14.gif
From: Mike@gaycity.nl
Date: Fri Jan 24 22:26:38 1997

On 1997-01-24 ljb@msc.edu(LeslieJBertsch) said:
 lj>The odds that even the simplet cellular life could
 lj>have evolved are 1x10(40000) power.
 Please give the formula, and references to all the figures used
 in the formula.
 Until then, your just stating a figure..and in a very non-standard way.
 Generally, when one lays odds .. it is stated
                    "xxx to 1 [against]"
                             or
                         "1 in xxx"
 And generally, when one attempts to communicate a value with an
 exponent, they use an exponent. Not whatever the hell notation you are
 using.
        Do you mean   1e+40000 ?   aka   10^40000 ?
 The formula is important because it will tell us if you understand
 chemical feedback or not. If you are just assuming random chemistry
 you are wrong. Certain chemical processes make other chemical processes
 more likely. Which in turn may make another chemical process more likely.
 Forming a greater likelyhood for self-sustaining chemical feedback.
 All the evidence suggests life isn't a long-shot, that life wants to happen
 and will infact happen if given the chance.
--: kis/kie - keep it simple / keep it elegant
Net-Tamer V 1.08 Beta - Test Drive

Notice to graduate students with research 
or education interests in geographic 
information science topics:
We have just received notice from the 
National Science Foundation that some 
funds are likely to be made available for 
travel grants to graduate students from 
any university in the U.S. whose proposed 
papers are accepted for presentation at 
the Annual Assembly and Summer Retreat of 
the University Consortium for Geographic 
Information Science (UCGIS) in Bar Harbor, 
Maine, June 15-21.  Papers are being 
accepted based on submission of an 
abstract.  Submissions are encouraged from 
a wide range of academic disciplines.  
Details of the meeting, abstract 
guidelines, and information on awards may 
be found at http://www.ucgis.org or 
directly at 
http://www.spatial.maine.edu/ucgis/ucgis_c
onference.html.
The deadline for submission is February 7, 
1997.
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