In article <562c5l$39k@harpo.cs.ubc.ca>, davem@cs.ubc.ca (Dave Martindale) wrote: >Just change the map scale. If all you want to do is look at the saved >track, set the map display to the smallest scale that you are going to >want to use when looking at it. If you are saving data points for later >analysis, set the map scale to the smallest scale you might want to use >when looking at the map later. Or just change the track log mode to >timed sampling. > > Dave Thanks for the advice. But I tried to do that and seems that the aquisition rate is the same (I'm using an external digital map to plot data) Best regards HoracioReturn to Top
Found http://164.214.2.53/gns/html/index.html to be a good source for coordinates. take care when driving(in Italy) TBReturn to Top
"C. R. Tucker"Return to Topwrote: >I'm planning to be driving in Italy for a couple of weeks. Anyone know >of a source for GPS data for there? >Thanks. The DMA has lat/lon for most locations in the world on their GEOnet names server http://164.214.2.53/gns/html/index.html Bob Guba "When the weather gets worse, Amateur Radio: W1QMN the company gets better." 19T 296336 4706643 WGS84 E-Mail: rfguba@ma.ultranet.com Home Page: http://www.ultranet.com/~rfguba/
Tony Hedge wrote: > > Anyone now the current and planned status of the old Transit > constellation - ie is it still running, how long will it be > maintained? > > Tony Hedge > 100407.1114@compuserve.com This is supposed to be turned off on Dec 31, 1996. The similar Russian system, Tsicada, is still operating AFAIK. -- +--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+| Frank Burgum, Navigation & Sensors Section | tel: +44 1703 316440 | | Philips Semiconductors Systems Laboratory | fax: +44 1703 316304 | | Southampton, U.K | SERI: burgum@ukpsshp1 | | Email: Frank.Burgum@soton.sc.philips.com | | +--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+Return to Top
David Harvey wrote: > > In article <55sh5g$kum@hil-news-svc-2.compuserve.com>, > 100407.1114@compuserve.com (Tony Hedge) wrote: > > >Anyone now current and planned status of the old Transit constellation > >- are the satellites still going/any planned switch-off date? > > > >Tony Hedge, Benthic Sciences, UK > >100407.1114@compuserve.com > > > > The NNSS (Navy Navigation Satellite System) is operating with a reduced > number of satellites and I've been told that you can wait 8 hours for a > position fix. There are rumours that the NNSS service will end this year. > > I would also like to know what will happen. > > David Harvey > harvey@gol.com > > At the international NAV'96 conference in London last week, we were informed that the Transit system will be turned off on Dec 31st 1996, "having been superseded by GPS". An almost identical Russian system, Tsicada, is still operating. -- +--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+ | Frank Burgum, Navigation & Sensors Section | tel: +44 1703 316440 | | Philips Semiconductors Systems Laboratory | fax: +44 1703 316304 | | Southampton, U.K | SERI: burgum@ukpsshp1 | | Email: Frank.Burgum@soton.sc.philips.com | | +--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+Return to Top
Hi everyone, I need some parameters to proccess a topographic correction. This parameters can be read from the header of the image, but I have a copy of it and it have no header. So, I ask if someone know about a program to calculate solar azimut and solar elevation from the latitude, altitude and date and hour when the image was taken. Many thanks in advance. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Francisco Abarca Faculty of Science University of Granada fabarca@carpanta.ugr.es http://carpanta.ugr.es/~fabarcaReturn to Top
I just bougt a Magellan 2000 for 149.95 from a "K's Merchandise" (similar to Service Merchandise), and I don't think the unit was mis-labelled. PatReturn to Top
Don Bartlett wrote: > > Only being familiar with my own Garmin 75, I am wondering > if any of the newer units are able to "read" the coordinates > of points on a recorded track. > > I would like to record a track while following a bush road in > the vehicle and later, record the coordinates of the turns in > the road so that it could be manually plotted to a topo map. On my 45XL, you activate the 'tracback' feature. Your recorded track is converted into a route, comprising a series of waypoints called T001 ... Tnnn which can then be used either as a route home or used as your 'corner' positions - they are fairly intelligently chosen where your course was recorded as having changed. 768 log points -> about 30 Tnn waypoints > > In reading of persons using the "blob" method of getting the > best accuracy at a stationary position, after permitting the > track to record for some time, it was suggested that the "+" > on the plot screen could be scrolled to the apparent center of > the blob and the coordinates then noted. (The Garmin 75 does > not permit this and I must wait until the blob centers itself > over my center screen "+" before taking a fix.) > > Do the Garmin 38, 45's and II allow this? What about the Eagles? > > -- > Don M. Bartlett: bartlett@freenet.carleton.ca or dbartlett@synapse.net > see: http://www.ncf.carleton.ca/~ae374/gpsutm for "article" -- Mike James mailto:Mike.James@soton.sc.philips.com Tel. +44 (0)1703 316 319 Fax. +44 (0)1703 316 304 home: http://www.hamble.demon.co.uk home: mailto:mike@hamble.demon.co.ukReturn to Top
teekay@netidea.com wrote: >...The specs for this antenna say that a ground plane is needed... Sorry, this was an error! I meant to point out that the specs say a ground plane is NOT needed!Return to Top
Could you give me more info about these multiplexers? Where can I get more information? Thanks in advance, Mauricio rortt@mgs.dnr.md.gov (Richard A. Ortt, Jr.) wrote: >NMEA specifically is designed so that there can only be one "talker" on the >line. There are devices out there that multiplex many talkers and put out there >signals on one NMEA line. This line can then be fed into all of your devices. > > >Return to Top
curtis cameron (curtis_cameron@hp.com) writes: > In earlier posts, people here had educated me on the way latitude is > measured on an ellipsoid model of the earth. What I learned is that > the normal to the surface indicates latitude. This makes sense, > because the captain on a ship at sea would have this as a > reference. The normal can be found by bisecting the horizon-to- > horizon angle in all directions. > > But what if I'm Meriwether Lewis, with Rocky Mountains all around me? > If I can't see the horizon, how do I find the normal? The phrase > "bubble sextant" that I've seen here makes me think that maybe you > could use a bubble, or a plumb bob, to find the gravity direction. > > But it doesn't seem obvious to me that a plumb bob would point > the same direction as the normal. On a sphere, of course it would, > but on an ellipsoid, does it? It seems to me that it might point at > the center of the ellipsoid, or somewhere between that direction and > the normal. > > And what about variations in gravity caused by nearby masses like > mountains? How much error would this cause? The surveyors in the crowd may be the best ones to answer this but from a navigator's point of view here are some thoughts. You are quite right there is a geocentric and a geographic centre of the earth and they are not the same. However for the practical purposes of a navigator all is considered spherical. For example the stars are assumed to be all equidistant from the earth on the celestial sphere, as is the sun. The moon because of its proximity is a special case. With a bubble sextant, certainly in a faster moving vehicle such as an aircraft coriolis (earth's rotational effect) on the bubble can be calculated and compensted for as is atmpspheric refraction etc. But no concern is shown by the navigator for errors which may be introduced by the fact the earth is an oblate spheroid (slightly pear shaped). They for practical purposes are ignored. The surveyor has a slightly different problem and uses a transit I believe rather than a sextant, but I don't know how or if they correct for discrepency in determining the vertical. I believe they did however take numerous sights over a period to determine a datum which may have helped solve the problem. Cheers DB --Return to Top
In articleReturn to Top, Mark Crispin wrote: >On Mon, 11 Nov 1996, Gene Fornario wrote: >> From what I read in "GPS Made Easy"...two signals are sent from each >> satellite, PPS and SPS with SA. So if I understand this correctly, a >> PPS capable receiver can decrypt and use PPS. Does this mean the unit >> ignores the SPS + SA signal? > >A PPS-capable receiver, *when loaded with cryptokeys and algorithms*, is >not affected by SA; it knows how to cancel SA. This is technically incorrect. It *removes* SA, not cancels it. People typically refer to *cancellation* of SA along with other errors when describing error cancelling techniques such as "differential GPS". -- Dick
In article: <56793k$hth@rjo02.embratel.net.br> DTC21Return to Topwrites: > Path: ormtec.demon.co.uk!news.demon.co.uk!dispatch.news.demon.net!demon!btnet! newsfeed.internetmci.com!howland.erols.net!news-peer.gsl.net!news.gsl.ne t!hammer.uoregon.edu!news.uoregon.edu!news.unisys.com.br!news.embratel.n et.br!usenet > From: DTC21 > Newsgroups: sci.geo.satellite-nav > Subject: NMEA media access control > Date: 11 Nov 1996 13:18:44 GMT > Organization: Embratel > Lines: 14 > Message-ID: <56793k$hth@rjo02.embratel.net.br> > NNTP-Posting-Host: 200.255.255.98 > Mime-Version: 1.0 > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii > Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > X-Mailer: Mozilla 1.2N (Windows; I; 16bit) > > Hi, > > I would like to ask if NMEA uses any media access protocol? > For instance, if there are 2 NMEA talkers sharing the same Tx line, will one wait the other > and avoid collisions like in Ethernet LAN's (CSMA/CD protocol) ? > Thanks in advance, > > Mauricio No it does not share lines. > > > > > > > -- Dave White Ormston Technology Ltd Email:dave@ormtec.demon.co.uk Tel: +44 1482 804104 http://www.ormtec.demon.co.uk Fax: +44 1482 803955 Dassault Sercel UK agent and maker of much telemetry and data logging
Dear Readers: The NACGIS Version 2.0 test version is ready for everybody to test. You can download it from the Internet at address: ftp://empires.stanford.edu/pub/win95/utils/nacgis2.exe If you have problems, we can also email it to you. If you like, you can also put it into your anonymous ftp site and post it on the net or send email to us. Have fun on the software! Xinhang Shen http://www.io.org/~nac/ Dear Readers: Last week, we posted the following ads which included a wrong web address. The correct address is http://www.io.org/~nac/ Many people ask what the system requirements of the software are. Since we use dynamic linking libraries all through the code, the software requires little RAM and hard disk space. If the computer has: Windows 95 or Windows NT Larger than 4 MB RAM Larger than 4 MB Hard disk space the software will work properly on small map files (<1 MB). Now the test version of the software is ready for everybody to test all functions of the software. If you want it, I can email you the software (2.4 MB)free of charge. If you want to get 3.5" floppy disk, please include US$5 shipping and handling fee.ÿï Once you have tested the software, please send us your comments and suggestions and report all the problems. You cam also post them on the net. By the way, the software can import text files of lists of longitude/latitude or UTM or other coordinates and character strings with coordinates and angles. If you have these kinds of maps and would like to sell them, please drop an email to our account and we will include them on our web. If you have map converters which can extract map entities from other GIS file formats and create node lists and character string lists, we will be happy to list them on our web too. Have fun to play on NACGIS Version 2.0. Xinhang Shen NAC Geographic Products Inc. =============================================================================== | | | Great News! | | | | You can buy a US$999 GIS with only US$39 before Nov. 20, 1996! | | | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Contents | | | | Introduction | | Major features | | Discount information | | Order information | =============================================================================== Introduction NAC Geographic Products Inc. has developed a geographic information system called NACGIS Version 2.0 for Windows 95 and Windows NT, which has implemented the great invention: the Natural Area Coding System. Based on the Natural Area Coding System, NACGIS has introduced a ten-character Universal Geographic Identity for every geographic object in the world. No matter what size it is. Every geographic object in the world from a continent to a parking meter can be statistically uniquely identified by its Universal Geographic Identity (UGID). Major features: 1. Automatic assignment of UGID's to all geographic objects. 2. Automatic links between a graphic object in the map file and its associated document in the document database. You can use both text searching and mouse clicking on the graphic object to retrieve the document for reading and editing. 3 Supports transparency which allows you draw transparent graphic objects with all pictures underneath shown in a mixed color. 4. Graphics editor's features: a) Drawing tools: NACGIS Version 2.0 procides two sets of drawing tools: i) Mouse direct drafting on the screen with your specified default line color, line type, line thickness, brush color, brush pattern, font type, font size, font color, layer number, etc. ii) Graphic object set-up dialog boxes to create accurate pictures. The dialog boxs allow you input exact coordinates for polyline nodes and polygon vertices and layer number, text escapement angle, layer number, specify whether it is a polyline or smooth curve and a polygon or an area, whether it is transparent, and set up pen, brush and font parameters. You can insert or delete nodes or vertices at any location of a polyline or a polygon. A polyline, polygon, simple picture or a group picture can be converted to each other by simply clicking a botton on the dialog boxes. NACGIS Version 2.0 can draw polylines, curves, polygons, areas, simple pictures (ractangle, circle, ellipse, regular polygons, stars, etc.), text objects, bitmap objects and group pictures (from an art gallery database). b) Manipulation tools: NACGIS Version 2.0 provides the following graphic objects manipulation tools: i) Mouse and arrow keys direct draging and resizing ii) Manipulation dialog box which allows you move an graphic object or a group of graphic objects a specified distance or to a specified location, exactly stretch it in x- and/or y-directions, rotate it a specified angle arround a specified pivot, and mirror it in x- and/or y-directions with a specified symetric center. iii) Alignment dialog box which allows you align a group of graphic objects to the left, center, right, top, middle, bottom. iv) Group objects tool which allows you to create group pictures (only one set of a group picture's data will be stored in the memory but can be shown in as many places as you want, which will greatly simplify your drawing and save memory). Once the group picture is created, you can also add it to the art gallery database of the software for later use. v) Delete, Erase All, Undo, Cut, Copy and Paste tools vi) Grid generator which can automatically generate the appropriate level of the NAC grids. 5. Map viewing tools NACGIS Version 2.0 provides the following map viewing tools: i) Theme layers dialog box allows you select the visible layers for the current map. It can store 120 different theme layers. ii) Zoom In and Zoom Out tools allows you zoom in as many time as you want and zoom back to the origanal picture. iii) Split panes of a winow, multiple windows of a document and multiple windows of multiple documents. NACGIS Version 2.0 allows you to view different parts of a map in different panes or windows, view different scales in different panes, and compare different maps in different windows. iv) Display of the cursor's coordinates in Longitude/Latitude, UTM and NAC simultaneously on the status bar of the frame window. v) Coordinate systems NACGIS Version 2.0 supports three types of coordinate systems: Longitude/Latitude system, UTM system and user-defined system. You can import a map file in one coordinate system and export it in another system (Longitude/Latitude <=> UTM). vi) Window setting You can set the scroll window size, window background color, the coordinates of the top left corner of the window and suitable scale to create the best view for the map. 6. Document editor's features NACGIS Version 2.0 also provides a powerful document editor which allows you to read and edit the attached document of a graphic object. The attached document is named by the UGID of a geographic object, which can cantain text contents with all kinds of fonts, font styles, sizes and colors, bitmaps, and all other objects created by OLE servers such as Excel Charts and Worksheets. 7. Help file NACGIS Version 2.0 provides a powerful help system which has the following features: i) Context help Whenever you need help for a dialog or a menu command, you can get the help topic immediately by pressing F1. You can also press the button with an arrow and a question mark on the toolbar and the move the cursor to the item about which you need help and click the left button of the mouse to get the help topic. ii) Tooltips NACGIS Version 2.0 provides tooltips for all menu commands and buttons. When you move the cursor to a toolbar button, you will see a yellow box with simple help text beside the cursor and a bit more detail help text on the status bar of the frame window. iii) Topics, index and word search NACGIS Version 2.0 allows you to search help content by topics, index and simply a word. 8. Print, print preview and printer set-up NACGIS Version 2.0 provides you all the useful features for print, print preview and printer set-up. It allows you print black/while or color map, and a large map into small pieces which can be connected together to get a large map. You can also print any part of a map if you set the window size, the coordinates of the top left corner of the window and the appropriate scale of the map. 9. Support of file types NACGIS Version 2.0 mainly support its own map document files with the extension ".nac". However, it can import and export three types of text files: lists of polyline nodes coordinates, lists of polygon vertices coordinates and lists of text objects (text contents, insert point coordinates and escapement angle). In the future vertions, we will add dxf files. NAC Geographic Products Inc. also provides you various map documents at good prices. Discount information NAC Geographic Products Inc. would like to offer you a special discounted price for the license of using NACGIS Version 2.0. The standard price for the license for a single person using NACGIS Version 2.0 in one computer is US$999. If you are using the software at home for non-business purposes, you can get 50% discount. Once you have bought one license of the software, you will get a 80% discount for the license for a future version of the same sfotware. There is a special discount price now. If you buy the license before November 20, 1996, you need to pay only US$39 + US$5 shipping fee ( + 7% GST if in you are in Canada). After then, the price will rise everyday (about US$5.3 a day) until it reaches US$999. Ordering information You can order the license by sending us the international money order (or a check if you are in Canada) or tell us the information of the VISA credit card (Credit card number, holder's name, expiration date and issuing bank name). The price is determined by the date you send out your order. If you use credit card, you can also order it through Email, fax or phone. Please include the exact name, company, address, phone, fax, email for each licesee because the name and address will be embedded into the software. Our address is NAC Geographic Products Inc. 509-50 Stephanie Street Toronto, ON M5T 1B3 Canada NAC: 8CHK Q87P Phone and fax: (416) 979 9306 Email: nac@io.org Web: http://www.io.org If you are doing land planning, NACGIS will be your great assistant! If you are working on transportation, NACGIS will be your first assistant! If you are managing natural resources, NACGIS will provide you the convenience! If you are working on environment protection, NACGIS will be your power tool! If you are doing marketing, NACGIS will give you extra hands, eyes and ears! If you are managing real estate, NACGIS will let you get rid of tedious work! If you like fishing, NACGIS will help you record the best fishing spots! If you are a bird watcher, NACGIS will tell you where birds live and move!Return to Top
Hi, We are looking for a high resoultion satallite image of coordinates N18 E30 in the Sudan. Anyone have any suggestions for public domain photos web sites? Please respond to jadario@mit.edu. Many thanks.Return to Top
hprice@bektek.com (Harold Price) wrote: >I want to kill two birds with one stone - get a cheap time source for a test, >and end up with a gps toy to play with. >I'm building a piece of micro-processor based commercial equipment that logs >events by time. It needs to be accurate with a drift of no more than a few >seconds a month, hopefully less. GPS is not required in that device. To this >end, I'm counting the 60hz AC in the power supply and applying corrections to >the xtal-base real-time clock chip. I need to average over time, as the power >company isn't WWV. I need a source of time that isn't drifting so I can watch >my box and the power company and measure their drift and see what a good >averaging time is. Lots of tradeoffs, I think. There are disadvantages with going GPS: while the cards are definitely getting cheap, you still have to buy an (amplified?) antenna and you need to run the cable to the box. Non-trivial and not necessarily cheap. You haven't given enough details to tell whether these are real problems or not. You might consider using a TCXO (temperature-compensated crystal oscillator) as an alternative. I have a few dozen 9.600 MHz DIP--type TCXO's, and they seem to be able to hold +/- 1 ppm over a wide range of temperatures, maybe 0 degrees to 60+ degrees C. A more extensive frequency/temperature characterization of a couple of units shows turnarounds in the 40-55 degree temperature range; I will probably implement a "poor man's oven" by thermostatting the case of one such TCXO. It appears that keeping the case stable to 1 degree should produce a frequency stability of better than 0.1 ppm, and probably better than 0.05 ppm. The former value represents a second lost or gained in around 120 days, which sounds substantially better than you need.Return to Top
I hope to receive a portable GPS this Christmas. I want to know what I want! The primary use will be on a sailboat used in predominately coastal waters. It will be used to supplement piloting and magnetic compass bearings for position determination. Are there FAQs to help me make my decision, or are there product comparisons. If on the Internet, please advise sites where I should look. If in a magazine, please pass that on as well. As I look, are there particular features which should be given special consideration? My news group access is very spotty; please reply via email. THANKS George W. Bynum gbynum@crossco.com ----------------------------------------------------------------------- This article was posted to Usenet via the Posting Service at Deja News: http://www.dejanews.com/ [Search, Post, and Read Usenet News]Return to Top
In articleReturn to Top, al@moyes.softnet.co.uk says... > The latest date is now 12 November!!! How fast is your connection? Garmin has a software limitation of 2400 baud for those trying to access its web site. There will be a more expensive web site in the future that does not have this limitation. :-) -- | Albert Nurick | "In case of doubt, decide in | | albert@data.net | favor of what is correct." | | http://www.data.net | | | http://www.data.net/albert | - Karl Kraus |
**Reminder** The "GPS in Forestry Workshop '96" will be held in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada, on November 25-27, 1996. For information on the agenda, registration and a list of exhibitors, see: http://www.cariboo.bc.ca/schs/bcfcsn/bcfcsn.htm Sponsored by Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada (FERIC) Contact Ernst Stjernberg ernst-s@vcr.feric.caReturn to Top
C. R. Tucker wrote: > > I'm planning to be driving in Italy for a couple of weeks. Anyone know > of a source for GPS data for there? > Thanks. Try www.indo.com/distance/ . It gives you the distance (as the crow flies) between two locations in the world and also the Lat/Lon. Mike -- __________________________________________________________________________ "La Longue Carabine" Located @ |"This country, with its institutions, belongs to 42 49.07'N | the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow 86 01.49' W | weary of the existing government, they can exercise | their constitutional right of amending it, | or their revolutionary right to dismember or | overthrow it." -- Abraham LincolnReturn to Top
In <56a771$s9e@freenet-news.carleton.ca>, am152@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (Donald Blakley) writes: >(with deletions) >curtis cameron (curtis_cameron@hp.com) writes: >> In earlier posts, people here had educated me on the way latitude is >> measured on an ellipsoid model of the earth. >> But what if I'm Meriwether Lewis, with Rocky Mountains all around me? >> If I can't see the horizon, how do I find the normal? The phrase >> "bubble sextant" that I've seen here makes me think that maybe you >> could use a bubble, or a plumb bob, to find the gravity direction. >> >> But it doesn't seem obvious to me that a plumb bob would point >> the same direction as the normal. On a sphere, of course it would, >> but on an ellipsoid, does it? It seems to me that it might point at >> the center of the ellipsoid, or somewhere between that direction and >> the normal. >> >> And what about variations in gravity caused by nearby masses like >> mountains? How much error would this cause? > >The surveyors in the crowd may be the best ones to answer this but from a >navigator's point of view here are some thoughts. >The surveyor has a slightly different >problem and uses a transit I believe rather than a sextant, but I don't >know how or if they correct for discrepency in determining the vertical. I >believe they did however take numerous sights over a period to determine a >datum which may have helped solve the problem. > >Cheers >DB > I believe you are referring to the Deflection of the Vertical. The deflection is the departure a plumb bob would take from the vertical defined by an ideal ellipsoidal Earth. Deflections are used to relate the orientation of a locally-leveled instructment to a spatial reference system. It is used to correct zenith distances measurements and to convert between astronomic and ellipsoidal azimuths. You may want to examine the following resources: http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/DEFLEC/deflec.html (the US NGS has a new deflection of the vertical model) Geodetic Glossary of the US National Geodetic Survey Basic Geodesy by J.R. Smith Geodesy:The Concepts, by Vanicek and Krakiwsky Physical Geodesy by Heiskanen and Moritz The web site also has links to the software. The glossary can be obtained from the NGS Info Center at 301.713.3242. The other books are available from NAVTECH and elsewhere. The first book is a good introduction to geodetic concepts without the math of the other two references. |====================================================| |== Donald M. Mulcare email:dmulcar@ibm.net ==| |== NGS Advisor to Maryland 410.545.8963 (voice) ==| |====visit the ngs home page at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov =====| |====================================================|Return to Top
I've been using GARDOWN8 to import/export waypoints, routes and track to my Garmin 90. I see there is an option to upload/download 'proximity waypoints', what are these? I find no reference in the receiver manual and I understand the Garmin comms program also supports the transfer of theese 'proximity waypoints'. What is a 'proximity waypoint' (in the context of a Garmin receiver) ?? Help! -- Christian GobbeReturn to Top
> I think satisfaction with rechargables (NiMH or NiCad) will vary a lot > depending on the voltage requirements of your equipment. With the > rechargables carrying 1.25v at full charge compared to 1.5v for a fresh > alkaline cell, your receiver may show "low bat" before the rechargable > batteries get very discharged. > I don't know Garmins low voltage cutout but 4AA (NiMH/NiCad) x 1.25v = 5v > for a fresh set of batteries and 4AA (alkaline) x 1.5v = 6v for a fresh > set. Some equipment will think your rechargable batteries are low almost > as soon as you put them in... > Tyler Groo, EMT-B | Rager Emergency Services (RES) =========== The voltage isn't all that important provided it's above the cutout level. The advantage of using NiMH batteries is that they can deliver power to the unit at a voltage above the cut-out level longer than the alkaline 1.5V batteries. My Garmin GPS40 works well below minimum voltage shown on bar indicator. The voltage can be checked by switching device in test mode. For Garmin GPS 40/45 this can be done by keep pressing enter button before/while pressing switch-on button,then press enter again. To use receiver in normal way after test,first switch-off and then switch on in usual way . In test mode also the rx frequency and receiver temperature can be monitored Frank Dinger , Inver by Tain , Ross-shire IV20 1RX - Scotland UK e-mail : frank.dinger@zetnet.co.uk or gm0csz.kn6wh@ukrs.orgReturn to Top
Accuracy Statistics Trimble's Acu-Lock on ScoutMaster MIT Lincoln Laboratory's GLONASS group provided daily scatter plots of GPS Position Estimates. See http://satnav.atc.ll.mit.edu/. It is obvious that one's true position can be estimated using the average of positional data collected over a long period... in this case 24 hours. I set out to obtain an estimate of the repeatability of obtaining "true" position by averaging over 24 hours. If one obtains a sample of the population of computed positions and computes the mean value for each sample, the sample mean values will be normally distributed around the population mean, whether or not the original population was normally distributed. Using the Acu-Lock feature on Trimble's ScoutMaster GPS receiver the following sample means (in meters) were collected. Each mean was derived from 38000 samples automatically collected over a 24-hour period. The original data are reproduced here so that any reader may apply their own statistical analysis to the data. My conclusion is that one has a probability of .95 of being inside a circle of 5 meters (16.4 ft) radius when using the Acu-Lock feature on Trimble's ScoutMaster GPS over a 24-hour period. DATA -------Mean(meters)------ Easting Northing Alt Date Time (UT) #,001,ACU.1.96.5.19 ,15,444912,T,4653491,00311,19-May-96,20:21:33,Acu-Lock,$ #,002,ACU.2.96.5.20 ,15,444917,T,4653488,00309,20-May-96,20:50:14,Acu-Lock,$ #,003,ACU.3.96.5.21 ,15,444915,T,4653492,00306,21-May-96,23:40:23,Acu-Lock,$ #,004,ACU.4.96.5.23 ,15,444909,T,4653493,00299,23-May-96,01:37:26,Acu-Lock,$ #,005,ACU.5.96.5.24 ,15,444919,T,4653490,00324,24-May-96,02:15:48,Acu-Lock,$ #,006,ACU.6.96.5.25 ,15,444917,T,4653493,00308,25-May-96,08:03:39,Acu-Lock,$ #,007,ACU.7.96.5.27 ,15,444915,T,4653493,00310,26-May-96,00:38:37,Acu-Lock,$ #,008,ACU.8.96.5.29 ,15,444916,T,4653491,00313,29-May-96,03:59:21,Acu-Lock,$ #,009,ACU.9.96.5.30 ,15,444917,T,4653489,00310,30-May-96,12:17:14,Acu-Lock,$ No of Sample Means 9 Range Min 444909 4653488 299 Max 444919 4653493 324 Diff 10 5 25 Population Mean 444915.3 4653491.1 309.7 SEM 3.12 1.83 22.6 95% Conf Interval 6.12 3.59 44.4 Scatter Plot |---------- 10 meters ---------| . . . | . | | . . | | 5 meters . | | . | | . | "A measurement is worth a thousand expert opinions." __________________________________________________ Sam Wormley - http://www.cnde.iastate.edu/gps.htmlReturn to Top
In article <5679h3$hth@rjo02.embratel.net.br>, DTC21Return to Topwrites... >Hi, > >I would like to link my Garmin45 to my notebook which runs a nav program. It uses >NMEA output from Garmin to figure out where I am. >I also would like to have my nav program to control my autopilot (AUTOHELM 7000). >The question is: > >I only have 1 serial port. Garmin sends strings to the PC. The PC should send strings to the >autopilot. Is there a cable to link the autopilot to a PC ? Is it possible using the same port? Yes - you only need the "receive" side of the serial port to receive data from the GPS, and only the "send" side to send data to the pilot. You will have to make a suitable cable yourself. Peter Bennett VE7CEI | Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight Internet: bennett@triumf.ca | of one another only when one can be Packet: ve7cei@ve7kit.#vanc.bc.ca | observed visually from the other TRIUMF, Vancouver, B.C., Canada | ColRegs 3(k) GPS and NMEA info and programs: ftp://sundae.triumf.ca/pub/peter/index.html or: ftp://ftp-i2.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/arnd/GPS/peter/index.html or: http://vancouver-webpages.com/peter/index.html
You all seem to assume that the maps (USGS or whatever) are the perfectly accurate. After a few field seasons of mapping geologic structures on topo base maps, I've realized they can be very! inaccurate. Lets also realize that the earth is dynamic. Some of those maps out there were produced in the 30's and haven't had a major revision since. You can bet on quite a few things being different today, especially in highly eroding environments. GPS is a great tool and can really get you out of a jam sometimes (I got lost in White Sands for about an hour with my 10 channel GPS in the car, pretty ironic.) If you are counting on a GPS for altitude measurments, don't expect to get better accuracy than a few hunderd meters, and anyone that tells you GPS accuracy is closer than +-100m minimun without a base station correction is selling one. If anyone wants correction data to trully locate a point within a few 10's on meters I can get you in touch with a basestation measurments by FTP. E-mail meReturn to Top
On Tue, 5 Nov 1996 09:29:40 +0000 (GMT), n.w.nelson@education.leeds.ac.uk (nick nelson) wrote: >James G. Wood wrote: >> >> If you want to use your GPS on an aircraft a remote antenna that you can >> stick to the window is probably essential. I suggest you mount it so that >> you can sit in a way that prevents the cabin crew from seeing it. > >Why? >If it's not dangerous it shouldn't matter, and if it is you shouldn't >be doing it. Or is it that the cabin staff just don't like passengers >sticking stuff to aircraft windows? > >Nick. Because it is illegal to operate any receiver in a commercial aircraft. CharlieReturn to Top
In article <19961112014700.UAA13700@ladder01.news.aol.com>, pharmet@aol.com writes... >Is there any way to get DGPS accuracy from a hand held GPS unit (like the >GPS 2000)? I'm new to GPS, and I would like to use it in my farming >operation (mapping soil test locations, etc). I know most agricultural >applications use DGPS systems, but these are not easily portable. Also, >could someone explain how the DGPS system actually works (I know there are >GPS satellites and transmitters around North America, but I don't know how >the actual correction is done). There is some discussion of DGPS in my GPS FAQ (available from the URLs below). Most hand-held navigation receivers will accept DGPS correction data - but you have to get that data from a separate receiver. The US (and Canadian) Coast Guard transmit DPGS corrections in the marine radiobeacon band (around 300KHz), but DGPS receivers for this cost around US$500, last I looked. There are commercial providers that broadcast the corrections on a subcarrier on FM broadcast stations. There is a subscription charge to use these services. Peter Bennett VE7CEI | Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight Internet: bennett@triumf.ca | of one another only when one can be Packet: ve7cei@ve7kit.#vanc.bc.ca | observed visually from the other TRIUMF, Vancouver, B.C., Canada | ColRegs 3(k) GPS and NMEA info and programs: ftp://sundae.triumf.ca/pub/peter/index.html or: ftp://ftp-i2.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/arnd/GPS/peter/index.html or: http://vancouver-webpages.com/peter/index.htmlReturn to Top
On Mon, 11 Nov 1996, Al Moyes wrote: > The latest date is now 12 November!!! > > I reckon Christmas would be more accurate. (96 or 97) > > Al Moyes al@moyes.softNET.co.uk > > "NEVER lost, just uncertain of my position" > After midnight tonight, it would be 13 November and so on. :) Pat Chung CCCC CCCC C C C C CC C CCCC # My last name "CHUNG" means # TTYL C C C CCCC C C C C C C CCC # clock in Cantonese as in # CCCC C C C C C C CC C C # "Gey Deem Chung?" # JOY C * CCCC C C CCCC C C CCCC # Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada # KINGReturn to Top
1=BE=00=00=00=AB=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=FB =00=00=15=00=16=00=16=00=16=00=16= =00=17=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=18=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00Some thoughts on purchasing and usage of bubble sextants (BS). I own thr= ee US army air force BS, one Kollsman pericscope BS and an odd bird - a U= S navy ball recording sextant. Have them because of interest in navigation = (air and marine - practical use and history). I use them to practice celest= ail nav - stand on balcony or look out window at home to take sights at any= time of the day. Living in San Francisco I could go to the ocean beach but= thats inconvenient. Try to get a bs with a horizon view so you can actuall= y use the horizon as a reference. Not all bs have that feature. I find that= the early USAAF bs is easy to use, simple in construction and maintenance = Later models tend to be heavier, clumsier and more complex. Bs are great f= or practice but tend to have less accuracy in real boat navigation. To some= extent that is a matter of learning how to use them which is easy. Bs are = certainly adequate for back up navigation, this being the age of GPS. Have = a friend who has a british bs - find that they are awkward and clumsy to us= e - but hey they work and are of historical value. Try to get a bs with a w= orking buble. Probably the most common cause of bs failure is the fluid lea= king out of the bubble chamber. Still trying to figure out the best fluid t= o use - read some thing about xylene - don't know at what concentration. Ce= lestaire in Kansas is a good source for bs parts, service, and manuals (the= y sell copies of parts, service and usage manuals). They used to have five = or six different bs in their catalogue but I believe they are down to one = in their current one with price is something like 500 dollars. I believe th= ey are serviced and in working condition. You can do better in marine flea= markets but these tend to be dirty, klunky with parts missing, but hey you= get 'em where you can find 'em. I have been lucky in finding them in sec= ond hand marine stores. Navigation store sometimes carry them also. Kollsm= an bs are not suitable for handheld use because they were mounted in a fix= ture - not meant to be handheld but are also of historical value. Most bs h= ave an averager device. These are probably more useful when flying where ce= rtain oscillations occur. If anyone has any info on us navy ball recording = sextants - how widely they were used and their history - I would appreciate= info. Good luck and successful hunting for these pieces of navigation history! Nikolaus Foellmer*-m whe=80=00=00=00=15 =00=00w=00=FB =00=00s=00=FB =00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=03=00= =00=14=03=01=00=14=02=80=00=00=00=9A =00=00n=00=9C =00=00n=00=E6 =00=00n=00= =E8 =00=00n=00=FD =00=00n=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00= =00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=00=0C<=03=1E=00=00=00=00=00=00=00h=01= =05=01=00=01=00=01=00=00=00=00=00orical value. Most bs have an averager dev= ice. These are probably more useful when flying where certain oscillations = o=01=00=07=00 Arial=00=00=00ne has any info on us navy ball recording sexta= nts - how widely they were used and their history - I would appreciaReturn to Top
Christopher A. Glaves (cglaves@netcom.com) wrote: : On Mon, 11 Nov 1996 08:10:36 -0500, Daniel Butler : >It seems that Garmin is shipping units across the pond : >before selling any in the states? Has anyone in the US : >been able to get a GPS-II yet? If so, where did you get : >it? I've checked the stores online and the local marine : >dealers and the story is either "real soon now" or late : >December. : > : On a recent trip aboard Delta I saw the Garmin GPS II for sale in the : SkyMall Catalog. It was on page 143 of the Holiday Gift 1996 Catalog. : Here's the pertinent parts of the description: : "... the compact GPS II features a state-of-the-art, two-way display : for vertical or horizontal orientation. A feature that's perfect for : going from the dash of your vehicle to the palm of your hand. Stores : 250 locations and 20 reversible routes. Moving map graphics and : electronic compass. Tough enough for any outdoor activity! : Suggested retail $386.00 : Now $299.00 : Part# 975119 : 800.759.6255" West Marine, and Outer Banks Marine Outfitters are both offering the Garmin GPS II for $250, while the 45XL is going for $279 and $289 respectively. Who knows if either really has the unit in stock to ship today though. Maybe they're just selling GPS II futures. :) *grin* Too bad I have a degree in Surveying & Mapping, I could have stuck with sales and made a commission off this quote... Mark Wendt "WHERES florida?"Return to Top
In article <8NOV199610232250@erich.triumf.ca>, P.Bennett (bennett@erich.triumf.ca) wrote: |Garmin should (or so they claim) have their new web site |(http://www.garmin.com") up in a couple of days. (when I looked yesterday, it |said "wait til Nov. 9") It today (11/12/96) says wait till Nov. 12. :-) So, I sent the webmaster a letter that they might want to change it. Seems the webmaster has their mail forwarding misconfigured into a loop, so I sent it to the postmaster (and to fix the webmaster's mail alias). Randy Davis randy@agames.comReturn to Top
In article <56av3f$1rp@news.iastate.edu>, swormley@cnde.iastate.edu says... ...snip... >Using the Acu-Lock feature on Trimble's ScoutMaster GPS receiver the >following sample means (in meters) were collected. Each mean was derived >from 38000 samples automatically collected over a 24-hour period. ... a very reasonable/realistic set of measurements... >"A measurement is worth a thousand expert opinions." Bravo Sam! The actual measurement data you present here is IMHO, very typical and correlates well with data/measurements that I have accumulated over the last 10 years with various receivers. Thanks for taking the time to post this. _______________________________________________________________________ Robert S. White -- an embedded sys software engineer WhiteR@CRPL.Cedar-Rapids.lib.IA.US --long/cheap alternate I-net addressReturn to Top
I'm looking for something similar. My brother just bought a small aircraft with minimal navigation electronics and I'm thinking about buying him a GPS for Xmas. Unfortunately, I know almost nothing about them, and what to look for in an aircraft-compatible unit. I've noticed Magellan 4000s for about $250, which is the price range I'd consider... Thanks! slr@crl.com gbynum@crossco.com wrote: : I hope to receive a portable GPS this Christmas. : I want to know what I want! : The primary use will be on a sailboat used in predominately : coastal waters. It will be used to supplement piloting and : magnetic compass bearings for position determination. : Are there FAQs to help me make my decision, or are there : product comparisons. If on the Internet, please advise : sites where I should look. If in a magazine, please pass : that on as well. : As I look, are there particular features which should be : given special consideration? : My news group access is very spotty; please reply via email. : THANKS : George W. Bynum : gbynum@crossco.com : ----------------------------------------------------------------------- : This article was posted to Usenet via the Posting Service at Deja News: : http://www.dejanews.com/ [Search, Post, and Read Usenet News] -- S. Rennacker (slr@crl.com) Berkeley, California -- Seconds for some after firsts for all. --Return to Top
I'm looking for something similar. My brother just bought a small aircraft with minimal navigation electronics and I'm thinking about buying him a GPS for Xmas. Unfortunately, I know almost nothing about them, and what to look for in an aircraft-compatible unit. I've noticed Magellan 4000s for about $250, which is the price range I'd consider... Thanks! slr@crl.com gbynum@crossco.com wrote: : I hope to receive a portable GPS this Christmas. : I want to know what I want! : The primary use will be on a sailboat used in predominately : coastal waters. It will be used to supplement piloting and : magnetic compass bearings for position determination. : Are there FAQs to help me make my decision, or are there : product comparisons. If on the Internet, please advise : sites where I should look. If in a magazine, please pass : that on as well. : As I look, are there particular features which should be : given special consideration? : My news group access is very spotty; please reply via email. : THANKS : George W. Bynum : gbynum@crossco.com : ----------------------------------------------------------------------- : This article was posted to Usenet via the Posting Service at Deja News: : http://www.dejanews.com/ [Search, Post, and Read Usenet News] -- S. Rennacker (slr@crl.com) Berkeley, California -- Seconds for some after firsts for all. --Return to Top
"Paul E. Remde"Return to Topwrote: >I am looking for any information about WGS-84 (I may have it incorrect, >it's a world model used when calculating distances). >I want to know the actual equations used and how they're applied. >I want to be able to calculate distances that are the same as those >calculated by my gps. It is for use in calculating distances flown in >my glider. You hardly have to know the precise datum for your application. However the original source for WGS84 as well as for its relations to other common datums for navigation and geodesy can be found in DMA (Defense mapping agency, Systems Center, 8613 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA. 22031-2138) TR 8350.2 which is also including some Software for conversion of ccordinates netween the datums. Thomas Thomas Muhr e-mail: geo@geo-konzept.de geo-konzept GmbH BBS: +49 8424 8989-90 (analog) or -91 (ISDN) 85111 Adelschlag fax: +49 8424 8989-80 Germany voice: +49 8424 8989-0
For information on Trimble GPS systems, turn to the premier GPS company in the US - Mercat, Inc. see http://www.mercat.com Michael K.G. Venables wrote: > > Hi Rex > > TSIP - Trimble Serial Interface Protocol - has been around for awhile. > Almost any current designers manual describes it and, as long as you stick > with the "minimum output packets" and don't use the "super-packets" that > are more recent, you should be OK. Order an SVeeSix-CM3 manual, part > number27378-00 from 1-800-TRIMBLE. > > -- > Regards > > Mike Venables > mikeve@stellarnav.com > 45° 25' 19" N > 75° 41' 47" W > Check out our Web Site - http://www.stellarnav.com > > Rex AllersReturn to Topwrote in article > <55ltqv$gip@news.nad.3com.com>... > > Does anyone know if a description of the older Trimble communications > protocol > > is available somewhere? What I am looking for is a standard serial > > communication, but its not in ascii. Its Trimble proprietary, I think > its > > called TSIP. > > > > I just acquired a Trimble unit thats about 5 yrs. old and I'd like to > interface > > some software to it (source level) that I already have. > > > > thanks for any help, > > rex_allers@3com.com > > KK6MK > > > > -- Paul Kronfield Houston, Texas, USA pk@geoprobe.com *^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^*^ For Free Domestic and International faxes see http://www.geoprobe.com For Free stock quotations see http://www.petromoly.com *******************************************
Donald Blakley wrote: > > But it doesn't seem obvious to me that a plumb bob would point > > the same direction as the normal. On a sphere, of course it would, > > but on an ellipsoid, does it? It seems to me that it might point at > > the center of the ellipsoid, or somewhere between that direction and > > the normal. > > > > And what about variations in gravity caused by nearby masses like > > mountains? How much error would this cause? > > The surveyors in the crowd may be the best ones to answer this but from a > navigator's point of view here are some thoughts. You are quite right > there is a geocentric and a geographic centre of the earth and they are > not the same. However for the practical purposes of a navigator all is > considered spherical. For example the stars are assumed to be all > equidistant from the earth on the celestial sphere, as is the sun. The > moon because of its proximity is a special case. > > With a bubble sextant, certainly in a faster moving vehicle such as an > aircraft coriolis (earth's rotational effect) on the bubble can be > calculated and compensted for as is atmpspheric refraction etc. But no > concern is shown by the navigator for errors which may be introduced by the > fact the earth is an oblate spheroid (slightly pear shaped). They for > practical purposes are ignored. The surveyor has a slightly different > problem and uses a transit I believe rather than a sextant, but I don't > know how or if they correct for discrepency in determining the vertical. I > believe they did however take numerous sights over a period to determine a > datum which may have helped solve the problem. > > Cheers > DB > -- There was quite an extensive discussion about this topic a few months ago. (Geodesists please note that some of what I say here is not absolutely rigourous but is sufficient for the purposes of the discussion) Briefly, the earth's geopotential surface defined by sea level (geoid) is very closely approximated by an ellipsoid of revolution (a sphere which is flattened at the poles rather than pear shaped) because of the combined forces of gravity and rotation about its axis. For all intents and purposes the normal to the ellipsoid is the same as the direction defined by the vertical as indicated by a plumb bob or spirit level anywhere on the surface of the earth. (The difference between the two is called the deflection of the vertical and seldom gets bigger than a minute of arc.) It is for this reason that an ellipsoid is used as a reference surface for describing position. Since astronomical observations for lat and long are based on vertical angles measured with respect to the local vertical there is no need to consider the flattening or eccentricity provided we define our position in terms of latitude and longitude. It is only when we need to convert position into projection coordinates (UTM etc) or determine our position using GPS etc that we need to consider the shape of the reference ellipsoid. __________________________________________________________ | Tony Sprent | | Department of Surveying & Spatial Information Science | | University of Tasmania | | GPO Box 252C Hobart _--_|\ | | Tasmania* / \ | | Australia 7001 \_.--._/ ) | | * / | | Phone 61-3-62262106 Fax 61-3-62240282 International | | 03-62262106 03-62240282 Australia | | email Tony.Sprent@surv.utas.edu.au | | http://info.utas.edu.au/docs/geomatics/ | |_________________________________________________________|Return to Top
WhiteR@CRPL.Cedar-Rapids.lib.IA.US (Robert S. White) wrote: >In article <3286A63F.B88@isle.net>, jvaline@isle.net says... >> >> However, it does include the >>INTER-RCVR interaction, right? I mean the definition of all of the flag >>word bits, and the definition of how messages are used, ie: INTER sends >>CONNECT, RCVR sends ACK, RCVR sends ACCEPT, INTER sends ACK, RCVR sends > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ . >>messages. > I certainly agree with that. It takes careful reading of the spec to >do the appropriate handshake logic as requested by what flag bits are >set. Only send back and ACK or NAK if ACK_Requested was set. Only send >back a handshake Command Accept or Command Reject if Handshake_Requested >was set. The receiver normally does not set these request bits, whereas >the sender (INTER in your lingo) is supposed to set these bits. > The "INTER sends ACK" part you describe above (in the CONNECT as message >block protocol sequence) is really not necessary and is normally not done, >that is, not requested by the RCVR. Well, that example I gave is what I see when I use a PLGR with the Rockwell MPS for DOS software, turn on message logging, and CONNECT a message #3 (Timemark). I know the PLGR doesn't actually need the last ACK from the sender (it will start sending data anyway), but it does set the ACK_Requested bit in the ACCEPT message (As is specified in ICD-GPS-153). ----------- Jeff Valine jvaline@isle.net http://www.isle.net/~jvalineReturn to Top
Garmin will output a track point when you change speed a few miles/hour or when you change direction by some number of degrees when in automatic mode. I have seen it go for a LONG time without outputting a point when speed is relatively constant and little or no change in direction. They claim this is the best selection but my GPS-90 fills up all 2048 locations on a trip between San Francisco and L.A. I have to switch to 30 second mode on the highway to keep it within limits. Mike _/_/ _/_/ _/ _/ _/ _/_/_/_/ From the cave of: _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ Mike/AB6NN _/ _/_/ _/ _/ _/_/ _/_/_/ Caveman@Castles.com _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ Fully MIME capable _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/_/_/_/_/ at 38.05.55N, 122.12.24W Of all the things that stay the same, clouds change the most.Return to Top